Alpaca Rodriguez Larry R, Kirschbaum-Chrem Joel P, Romero Gustavo, Villanueva Edilberto, Ugas Charcape Carlos F
Hospital Sabará, São Paulo, Brasil.
Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño San Borja, Av. Javier Prado Este 3101, Lima, 15037, Peru.
Pediatr Radiol. 2025 Jan;55(1):115-127. doi: 10.1007/s00247-024-06080-7. Epub 2024 Nov 26.
Hydatid disease, caused by the larval stages of Echinococcus species, poses a significant public health challenge, especially in resource-limited cattle-producing areas of South America. The number of cases in children under the age of 15 is nearly 16% of the total cases in South America according to the latest report of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO). The presentation of the disease depends on the anatomic location and correlates with the parasitic life stage. The liver is the most commonly affected organ in children, followed by the lungs, kidney, bone, and brain. The classification of hydatid cysts varies based on the parasite's stage, from purely cystic lesions to solid masses. The radiological approach varies by cyst location. Clinically, hydatid disease symptoms are nonspecific and organ-dependent, with imaging playing a crucial role in diagnosis. Complications include cyst rupture and superinfection, with potential severe consequences. This pictorial essay aims to illustrate the manifestations of hydatid cysts in an endemic population and highlight atypical signs for radiologists evaluating pediatric cysts in endemic regions.
包虫病由棘球绦虫的幼虫阶段引起，对公共卫生构成重大挑战，尤其是在南美洲资源有限的养牛地区。根据泛美卫生组织（PAHO）的最新报告，15岁以下儿童的病例数占南美洲总病例数的近16%。该病的表现取决于解剖位置，并与寄生虫的生命阶段相关。肝脏是儿童最常受累的器官，其次是肺、肾、骨和脑。包虫囊肿的分类因寄生虫阶段而异，从单纯的囊性病变到实性肿块。放射学检查方法因囊肿位置而异。临床上，包虫病症状无特异性且取决于器官，影像学在诊断中起关键作用。并发症包括囊肿破裂和继发感染，可能会产生严重后果。这篇图文并茂的文章旨在说明流行地区人群中包虫囊肿的表现，并突出显示在流行地区评估儿科囊肿的放射科医生应注意的非典型征象。
