Hengkrawit Kitchawan, Thananon Juthamas, Telapol Kritakarn, Chiewchalermsri Chirawat
Department of Pediatrics, Panyananthaphikkhu Chonprathan Medical Center, Srinakharinwirot University, Nonthaburi 11120, Thailand.
Department of Radiology, Panyananthaphikkhu Chonprathan Medical Center, Srinakharinwirot University, Nonthaburi 11120, Thailand.
Trop Med Infect Dis. 2024 Nov 5;9(11):266. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed9110266.
The different strains of SARS-CoV-2 were detected and labeled in 2021. Each strain differs in both clinical symptoms and severity. Previous studies found different clinical symptoms and treatment outcomes between outbreak waves; however, data in Southeast Asia were limited. This study collected data of hospitalized COVID-19 patients from a Tertiary hospital in Thailand between January 2020 and December 2023 and analyzed patients' data in each outbreak wave using Pearson's chi-square. A total of 1084 inpatients were included for analysis. The median age was 64 (IQR, 0.4-100) years. The patients were hospitalized in predominantly Alpha (22.78%), Delta (21.68%), and Omicron (5.07%) periods of the virus outbreak. The largest age group was elderly (over 65 years old) in all three variant of concern (VOC) periods; 82.65% of the patients had comorbidities, including 58.5% hypertension, 46.5% dyslipidemia, and 42.0% diabetes mellitus (DM). The study found pneumonia at 67.53%, septic shock at 4.61%, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) at 2.86%, and congestive heart failure at 0.83% in all age groups with no significant difference between outbreak periods. The overall mortality rate was 16.14%. A total of 75% of deaths occurred in patients over 65 years old. The mortality rates in each VOC period were 20.0% Delta, 19.83% Alpha, and 13.23% Omicron. In the elderly group, the mortality rates were Delta 15.32%, Alpha 11.75%, and Omicron 10.88%. The Omicron VOC was less severe than other variants, particularly in the elderly (≥65 years). There were no significant differences in the younger (<65 years) age group. The elderly still had more severe symptoms and the highest mortality rates in every wave of outbreak.
2021年对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的不同毒株进行了检测和标记。每种毒株在临床症状和严重程度上都有所不同。先前的研究发现不同疫情波之间存在不同的临床症状和治疗结果；然而，东南亚的数据有限。本研究收集了2020年1月至2023年12月期间泰国一家三级医院住院的新冠肺炎患者的数据，并使用Pearson卡方检验分析了各疫情波中的患者数据。共有1084名住院患者纳入分析。中位年龄为64（四分位间距，0.4 - 100）岁。患者主要在病毒爆发的阿尔法（22.78%）、德尔塔（21.68%）和奥密克戎（5.07%）时期住院。在所有三个关注变异株（VOC）时期，最大年龄组均为老年人（65岁以上）；82.65%的患者患有合并症，其中58.5%患有高血压，46.5%患有血脂异常，42.0%患有糖尿病（DM）。研究发现，所有年龄组中肺炎发生率为67.53%，感染性休克发生率为4.61%，急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）发生率为2.86%，充血性心力衰竭发生率为0.83%，各疫情波之间无显著差异。总体死亡率为16.14%。75%的死亡发生在65岁以上的患者中。每个VOC时期的死亡率分别为：德尔塔20.0%、阿尔法19.83%、奥密克戎13.23%。在老年组中，死亡率分别为：德尔塔15.32%、阿尔法11.75%、奥密克戎10.88%。奥密克戎VOC的严重程度低于其他变异株，尤其是在老年人（≥65岁）中。在较年轻（<65岁）年龄组中无显著差异。在每一波疫情中，老年人的症状仍然更严重，死亡率最高。
