El Skhawy Nahla, Eissa Maha M, Allam Maram, Eleryan Eman M
Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Parasitol Res. 2024 Nov 27;123(11):397. doi: 10.1007/s00436-024-08415-7.
The immunomodulatory activity of parasites has been extensively investigated in multiple immune-related diseases. However, dermatological diseases have been off the list for a long time despite their vast incidence and the deleterious consequences of some of them. This study explored the immunomodulatory role of autoclaved Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis) larvae antigen (ATSLA) as a psoriasis immunotherapeutic candidate in a mice model. Psoriasis was induced in Swiss albino mice using commercial imiquimod cream (IMQ). Mice were randomly divided into the IMQ untreated control group and the IMQ treated group that was treated with ATSLA twice, on day 0 and day 3. Additional mice served as normal controls. Assessment of skin thickness, erythema, and scales was recorded. Total skin scores were calculated. Skin MDA levels, splenic indices, serum and skin IL-23, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were measured. Skin sections were stained with H&E and immune stained for CD68-positive cells using immunohistochemistry. Treatment with ATSLA significantly reduced skin thickness, erythema, scales, and total skin scores in the IMQ-treated group compared to the untreated control. This was accompanied by a reduction in the splenic index, skin MDA levels, IL-23, and TNF-α in both the skin and serum of the treated group. Pathologically, skin sections of the treated group showed less epidermal thickness, acanthosis, hyperkeratosis, and CD68 cell count. The study concluded the immunotherapeutic activity of ATSLA in experimental psoriatic skin lesions. This will enrich the psoriasis immunotherapeutic list with novel candidates of parasitic origin.
寄生虫的免疫调节活性已在多种免疫相关疾病中得到广泛研究。然而，皮肤病尽管发病率很高且其中一些会产生有害后果，但长期以来一直未被纳入研究范围。本研究在小鼠模型中探索了经高压灭菌的旋毛虫幼虫抗原（ATSLA）作为银屑病免疫治疗候选药物的免疫调节作用。使用市售咪喹莫特乳膏（IMQ）诱导瑞士白化小鼠患银屑病。将小鼠随机分为未用IMQ处理的对照组和在第0天和第3天用ATSLA处理两次的IMQ处理组。另外的小鼠作为正常对照组。记录皮肤厚度、红斑和鳞屑情况并计算总皮肤评分。检测皮肤丙二醛水平、脾脏指数、血清和皮肤中的白细胞介素-23（IL-23）以及肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）。皮肤切片用苏木精和伊红染色，并使用免疫组织化学对CD68阳性细胞进行免疫染色。与未处理的对照组相比，用ATSLA处理显著降低了IMQ处理组的皮肤厚度、红斑、鳞屑和总皮肤评分。同时，处理组的脾脏指数、皮肤丙二醛水平、皮肤和血清中的IL-23以及TNF-α均有所降低。病理检查显示，处理组的皮肤切片表皮厚度、棘层肥厚、角化过度和CD68细胞计数均减少。该研究得出结论，ATSLA在实验性银屑病皮肤病变中具有免疫治疗活性。这将为银屑病免疫治疗增添新的源自寄生虫的候选药物。
