Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
Clinical Research Development Unit (CRDU), Niknafs Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
BMC Womens Health. 2024 Nov 26;24(1):626. doi: 10.1186/s12905-024-03452-x.
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death among women, but sex-specific risk factors are incompletely understood. In this study, we aimed to assess the associations between the type of menopause, and age at natural menopause with the odds of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and coronary heart disease (CHD).
This cross-sectional study is a part of data from the Rafsanjan Cohort Study (RCS) which is a branch of the Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in Iran (PERSIAN). A sample of 1767 postmenopausal women were included. The diagnosis for CVD and CHD was based on self-report questionnaires. Menopause age was categorized as < 40, 40-44, 45-49, and ≥ 50. Also, the menopause types were classified as natural and induced menopause (surgery or chemotherapy). The association was evaluated by logistic regressions.
The menopause age < 40 years had higher odds of CVD compared to women with menopause age > 40 years (OR: 2.66; 95%CI 1.29-5.48). Women with induced menopause had higher odds of CVD compared to women with natural menopause (OR = 1.44, 95% CI 1.04-1.98). In terms of the odds of CHD, the results showed that the odds of CHD increased in menopause age < 40 years and induced menopause compared to reference groups (OR: 2.49, 95% CI 1.15-5.37, OR = 1.48; 95% CI 1.06-2.07, respectively).
Premature menopause and induced menopause should be considered as important risk factors for CVD, and CHD. Health policymakers should pay more attention to the type of menopause and the age of menopause in postmenopausal women to predict the risk of CVD and preventive strategies.
心血管疾病是女性死亡的主要原因，但性别特异性风险因素仍不完全清楚。在这项研究中，我们旨在评估绝经类型和自然绝经年龄与心血管疾病（CVD）和冠心病（CHD）发病风险的相关性。
这是拉夫桑詹队列研究（RCS）的一部分，该研究是伊朗前瞻性流行病学研究（PERSIAN）的一个分支。纳入了 1767 名绝经后妇女。CVD 和 CHD 的诊断基于自我报告的问卷。绝经年龄分为<40 岁、40-44 岁、45-49 岁和≥50 岁。此外，绝经类型分为自然绝经和人工绝经（手术或化疗）。采用 logistic 回归评估相关性。
与绝经年龄>40 岁的女性相比，绝经年龄<40 岁的女性 CVD 发病风险更高（OR：2.66；95%CI 1.29-5.48）。与自然绝经相比，人工绝经的女性 CVD 发病风险更高（OR=1.44，95%CI 1.04-1.98）。就 CHD 发病风险而言，结果显示，与参考组相比，绝经年龄<40 岁和人工绝经的女性 CHD 发病风险增加（OR：2.49，95%CI 1.15-5.37，OR=1.48；95%CI 1.06-2.07）。
过早绝经和人工绝经应被视为 CVD 和 CHD 的重要危险因素。卫生政策制定者应更加关注绝经后妇女的绝经类型和绝经年龄，以预测 CVD 的发病风险并制定预防策略。
