Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
Food Res Int. 2024 Dec;197(Pt 1):115203. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.115203. Epub 2024 Oct 22.
This study examined the interfacial evolution of individual bile salts (BSs) and their blends with phosphatidylcholine (BS/PC) to simulate the complex behaviour of human bile (HB) during lipolysis at the triglyceride/water interface. Using adsorption and desorption cycles, mimicking exposure to small intestinal fluids, we demonstrate that the interfacial behaviour of real HB can be replicated using simple mixtures of BSs and PC. Interfacial tension (IFT) measurements after lipolysis and desorption showed no significant differences (P > 0.05) between HB samples and BS/PC mixtures across the total BS concentrations analysed (2.23-7.81 mM). However, individual BSs without PC yielded significantly different IFT results (P < 0.01) compared to HB, highlighting the importance of phospholipids. Dilatation rheology further emphasised the need for accurate phospholipid representation in bile models. Our results suggest that phospholipids in HB and in BS/PC systems enhance resistance to desorption, potentially affecting lipolysis. This is important, as current in vitro digestion models often replicate only intestinal BS concentrations to mimic the behaviour of HB in the intestinal lumen. Furthermore, the specific composition of BSs in HB appears less critical than the overall BS and phospholipid contents, suggesting that the kinetics of triglyceride digestion is influenced by the combined luminal concentrations of these components. These findings have significant implications for understanding the role of bile in digestion and offer insights for designing more accurate in vitro models to study the gastrointestinal behaviour of food emulsions and lipid-based delivery systems.
本研究考察了单个胆汁盐（BS）及其与磷脂酰胆碱（BS/PC）混合物在甘油三酯/水界面处模拟人胆汁（HB）在脂肪分解过程中的复杂行为的界面演变。通过吸附和解吸循环，模拟暴露于小肠液中，我们证明使用 BS 和 PC 的简单混合物可以复制真实 HB 的界面行为。脂肪分解和解吸后的界面张力（IFT）测量结果表明，在所分析的总 BS 浓度（2.23-7.81 mM）范围内，HB 样品和 BS/PC 混合物之间没有显着差异（P > 0.05）。然而，没有 PC 的单个 BS 产生的 IFT 结果与 HB 有显着差异（P < 0.01），这突出了磷脂的重要性。扩张流变学进一步强调了在胆汁模型中准确表示磷脂的必要性。我们的研究结果表明，HB 中的磷脂和 BS/PC 系统增强了对解吸的抵抗力，可能影响脂肪分解。这很重要，因为目前的体外消化模型通常仅复制肠道 BS 浓度以模拟 HB 在肠腔中的行为。此外，HB 中 BS 的特定组成似乎不如 BS 和磷脂的总体含量重要，这表明甘油三酯消化的动力学受这些成分的组合腔浓度的影响。这些发现对理解胆汁在消化中的作用具有重要意义，并为设计更准确的体外模型以研究食品乳液和基于脂质的递药系统的胃肠道行为提供了见解。
