Chaichoompu Ekawat, Ruengphayak Siriphat, Wattanavanitchakorn Siriluck, Wansuksri Rungtiwa, Yonkoksung Usa, Suklaew Phim On, Chotineeranat Sunee, Raungrusmee Sujitta, Vanavichit Apichart, Toojinda Theerayut, Kamolsukyeunyong Wintai
Rice Science Center, Kasetsart University, Kamphangsaen, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand.
Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetic Engineering and Bioinformatics, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
Foods. 2024 Nov 14;13(22):3627. doi: 10.3390/foods13223627.
The demand for rice varieties with lower amylose content (AC) is increasing in Southeast Asia, primarily due to their desirable texture and cooking qualities. This study presents the development of whole-grain rice lines with low to intermediate glycemic index (GI) and reduced AC. We selected six rice lines for in vivo GI assessment based on their starch properties. We successfully identified two lines with low AC that exhibited low and intermediate GI values, respectively. Our findings indicate that dietary fiber (DF) content may significantly influence rice GI. The selected whole-grain low-GI line showed a higher ratio of soluble dietary fiber (SDF) to insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) compared to control varieties, highlighting SDF's potential positive role in lowering whole-grain rice's GI. This study underscores the feasibility of developing rice varieties with desirable agronomic traits, nutritional traits, and culinary attributes, particularly for individuals managing their blood sugar levels. Additionally, we proposed the positive role of starch composition, especially DF content, in modulating the GI of rice. This study reinforces the importance of incorporating starch properties and DF content into rice breeding programs to produce more health-oriented and marketable rice varieties.
在东南亚，对直链淀粉含量（AC）较低的水稻品种的需求正在增加，这主要是因为它们具有理想的质地和蒸煮品质。本研究展示了低至中等血糖生成指数（GI）且AC降低的全谷物水稻品系的培育情况。我们根据六个水稻品系的淀粉特性对其进行了体内GI评估。我们成功鉴定出两个AC较低的品系，它们分别呈现出低和中等的GI值。我们的研究结果表明，膳食纤维（DF）含量可能会显著影响水稻的GI。与对照品种相比，所选的全谷物低GI品系显示出更高的可溶性膳食纤维（SDF）与不可溶性膳食纤维（IDF）比例，突出了SDF在降低全谷物水稻GI方面的潜在积极作用。本研究强调了培育具有理想农艺性状、营养性状和烹饪特性的水稻品种的可行性，特别是对于那些需要控制血糖水平的人。此外，我们提出了淀粉组成，尤其是DF含量，在调节水稻GI方面的积极作用。本研究强化了将淀粉特性和DF含量纳入水稻育种计划以培育更健康且适销对路的水稻品种的重要性。
