Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
Centro di Eccellenza Materiali Innovativi Nanostrutturati (CEMIN), University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
Cells. 2024 Nov 7;13(22):1845. doi: 10.3390/cells13221845.
The growing interest in plant-origin active molecules with medicinal properties has led to a revaluation of plants in the pharmaceutical field. Plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs) have emerged as promising candidates for next-generation drug delivery systems due to their ability to concentrate and deliver a plethora of bioactive molecules. These bilayer membranous vesicles, whose diameter ranges from 30 to 1000 nm, are released by different cell types and play a crucial role in cross-kingdom communication between plants and humans. Notably, PDEVs have demonstrated efficacy in treating various diseases, including cancer, alcoholic liver disease, and inflammatory bowel disease. However, further research on plant vesicles is necessary to fully understand their traits and purposes. This study investigates the phototoxic effects of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from , , and on the human melanoma cell line SK-MEL-5, focusing on their anthraquinone content, recognized as natural photosensitizers. The phototoxic impact of Aloe EVs is associated with ROS production, leading to significant oxidative stress in melanoma cells, as validated by a metabolome analysis. These findings suggest that EVs from , , and hold promise as potential photosensitizers, thus highlighting their potential for future application in photodynamic cancer therapy and providing valuable insights into the possible utilization of PDEVs for therapeutic purposes.
对具有药用特性的植物源活性分子的日益关注，促使人们重新评估植物在制药领域的地位。植物衍生的细胞外囊泡 (PDEV) 因其能够浓缩和传递大量生物活性分子而成为下一代药物输送系统的有前途的候选物。这些双层膜囊泡的直径范围为 30 至 1000nm，由不同的细胞类型释放，在植物与人类之间的跨物种交流中发挥着关键作用。值得注意的是，PDEV 在治疗各种疾病方面显示出了疗效，包括癌症、酒精性肝病和炎症性肠病。然而，为了充分了解植物囊泡的特性和用途，还需要对其进行进一步的研究。本研究探讨了来自 、 和 的细胞外囊泡 (EV) 对人黑色素瘤细胞系 SK-MEL-5 的光毒性作用，重点关注它们的蒽醌含量，蒽醌被认为是天然光敏剂。Aloe EV 的光毒性作用与 ROS 产生有关，导致黑色素瘤细胞发生显著的氧化应激，这一点通过代谢组学分析得到了验证。这些发现表明，来自 、 和 的 EV 可能作为潜在的光敏剂，从而突出了它们在光动力癌症治疗中的潜在应用，并为利用 PDEV 进行治疗目的提供了有价值的见解。
