Song Yufang, Yuan Chao, An Xuejiao, Guo Tingting, Zhang Wentao, Lu Zengkui, Liu Jianbin
Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on the Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China.
Sheep Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Nov 8;14(22):3212. doi: 10.3390/ani14223212.
Tibetan sheep have developed unique adaptations for survival in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau environment. However, the functional genes and molecular mechanisms that regulate hypoxia adaptation have not been fully characterized. In this study, based on the whole-genome resequencing data for Tibetan sheep at different altitudes, the population differentiation index () and nucleotide diversity ratio (θπ ratio) were evaluated in populations of 20 Oula sheep (3501 m altitude, OL), 20 Zashijia sheep (4369 m altitude, ZSJ), and 20 Awang sheep (4643 m altitude, AW) to reveal candidate loci related to high-altitude hypoxia. We screened 728 and 524 candidate genes in the AW vs. OL and ZSJ vs. OL groups, respectively, of which 134 genes were jointly screened. Candidate genes were mainly enriched in the Ras, melanoma, melanogenesis, VEGF, and PPAR signaling pathways. , , , , , , , , , , , , , and may play important roles in the high-altitude adaptation of Tibetan sheep. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the genes and molecular mechanisms that underlie high-altitude hypoxia adaptation in Tibetan sheep.
藏羊已经形成了在青藏高原环境中生存的独特适应性。然而，调节缺氧适应的功能基因和分子机制尚未完全明确。在本研究中，基于不同海拔高度藏羊的全基因组重测序数据，对20只欧拉羊（海拔3501米，OL）、20只扎什加羊（海拔4369米，ZSJ）和20只阿旺羊（海拔4643米，AW）群体进行群体分化指数（）和核苷酸多样性比率（θπ比率）评估，以揭示与高原缺氧相关的候选基因座。我们分别在AW与OL组和ZSJ与OL组中筛选出728个和524个候选基因，其中134个基因是共同筛选出的。候选基因主要富集在Ras、黑色素瘤、黑色素生成、VEGF和PPAR信号通路中。 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 以及 可能在藏羊的高原适应中发挥重要作用。总之，本研究为藏羊高原缺氧适应的基因和分子机制提供了有价值的见解。
