Laboratory of Regenerative Biomedicine, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
Biomolecules. 2024 Oct 31;14(11):1392. doi: 10.3390/biom14111392.
The transcription factor Runx2 plays a crucial role in regulating osteogenic differentiation and skeletal development. This factor not only controls the expression of genes involved in bone formation, but also interacts with signaling pathways such as the Notch pathway, which are essential for body development. However, studies have produced conflicting results regarding the relationship between Runx2 and the Notch pathway. Some studies suggest a synergistic interaction between these molecules, while others suggest an inhibitory one, for example, the interplay between Notch signaling, Runx2, and vitamin D3 in osteogenic differentiation and bone remodeling. The findings suggest a complex relationship between Notch signaling and osteogenic differentiation, with ongoing research needed to clarify the mechanisms involved and resolve existing contradictions regarding role of Notch in this process. Additionally, there is increasing evidence of contradictory roles for Runx2 in various tissues and organs, both under normal conditions and in pathological states. This diversity of roles makes Runx2 a potential therapeutic target, offering new directions for research. In this review, we have discussed the mechanisms of osteogenic differentiation and the important role of Runx2 in this process. We have also examined its relationship with different signaling pathways. However, there are still many uncertainties and inconsistencies in our current understanding of these interactions. Additionally, given that Runx2 is also involved in numerous other events in various tissues, we have tried to comprehensively examine its functions outside the skeletal system.
转录因子 Runx2 在调节成骨分化和骨骼发育中起着至关重要的作用。该因子不仅控制着与骨形成相关的基因的表达，还与 Notch 通路等信号通路相互作用，这些通路对于身体发育至关重要。然而，关于 Runx2 和 Notch 通路之间的关系，研究结果却相互矛盾。一些研究表明这些分子之间存在协同作用，而另一些研究则表明存在抑制作用，例如 Notch 信号、Runx2 和维生素 D3 在成骨分化和骨重塑中的相互作用。这些发现表明 Notch 信号与成骨分化之间存在复杂的关系，需要进一步的研究来阐明相关的机制，并解决 Notch 在这一过程中的作用方面存在的矛盾。此外，越来越多的证据表明 Runx2 在正常和病理状态下在各种组织和器官中具有相反的作用。这种作用的多样性使 Runx2 成为一个潜在的治疗靶点，为研究提供了新的方向。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了成骨分化的机制以及 Runx2 在这一过程中的重要作用。我们还研究了它与不同信号通路的关系。然而，我们对这些相互作用的理解仍然存在许多不确定性和不一致性。此外，由于 Runx2 还参与各种组织中的许多其他事件，我们试图全面检查其在骨骼系统之外的功能。
