Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea.
Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Nov 15;25(22):12299. doi: 10.3390/ijms252212299.
Oxidative stress is linked to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder marked by memory impairment and cognitive decline. AD is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and the formation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) of hyperphosphorylated tau. AD is associated with an imbalance in redox states and excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). Recent studies report that NADPH oxidase (NOX) enzymes are significant contributors to ROS generation in neurodegenerative diseases, including AD. NOX-derived ROS aggravates oxidative stress and neuroinflammation during AD. In this review, we provide the potential role of all NOX isoforms in AD pathogenesis and their respective structural involvement in AD progression, highlighting NOX enzymes as a strategic therapeutic target. A comprehensive understanding of NOX isoforms and their inhibitors could provide valuable insights into AD pathology and aid in the development of targeted treatments for AD.
氧化应激与阿尔茨海默病（AD）的发病机制有关，AD 是一种神经退行性疾病，其特征是记忆障碍和认知能力下降。AD 的特征是淀粉样β（Aβ）斑块的积累和过度磷酸化 tau 形成的神经原纤维缠结（NFTs）。AD 与氧化还原状态失衡和活性氧（ROS）过多有关。最近的研究报告称，NADPH 氧化酶（NOX）酶是包括 AD 在内的神经退行性疾病中 ROS 产生的重要贡献者。NOX 衍生的 ROS 在 AD 期间加重氧化应激和神经炎症。在这篇综述中，我们提供了所有 NOX 同工型在 AD 发病机制中的潜在作用及其在 AD 进展中的各自结构参与，强调 NOX 酶作为一个有战略意义的治疗靶点。对 NOX 同工型及其抑制剂的全面了解可以为 AD 病理学提供有价值的见解，并有助于开发针对 AD 的靶向治疗。
