Pan African University Life and Earth Science Institute (Including Health and Agriculture), Ibadan 200132, Oyo, Nigeria.
Department of Crop and Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 2000113, Oyo, Nigeria.
Genes (Basel). 2024 Oct 25;15(11):1373. doi: 10.3390/genes15111373.
Understanding the genetic diversity of soybean genotypes can provide valuable information that guides parental selection and the design of an effective hybridization strategy in a soybean breeding program. In order to identify genetically diverse, complementary, and prospective parental lines for breeding, this study set out to ascertain the genetic diversity, relationships, and population structure among 35 soybean genotypes based on agro-morphological traits and Single Nucleotide Polymorphic (SNP) marker data. : Cluster analysis, based on agro-morphological traits, grouped the studied genotypes into four clusters. The first two principal components accounted for 62.8% of the total phenotypic variation, where days to 50% flowering, days to 95% maturity, grain yield, shattering score, and lodging score had high and positive contributions to the total variation. Using the SNP marker information, mean values of 0.16, 0.19, 0.067, and 0.227 were obtained for minor allele frequency (MAF), polymorphic information content (PIC), observed heterozygosity (Ho), and expected heterozygosity (He), respectively. Using different clustering approaches (admixture population structure, principal component scatter plot, and hierarchical clustering), the studied genotypes were grouped into four major clusters. :The agro-morphological and molecular analysis results indicated the existence of moderate genetic diversity among the studied genotypes. The traits identified to be significantly related to yield provide valuable information for the genetic improvement of soybeans for yield.
了解大豆基因型的遗传多样性可以提供有价值的信息，指导亲本选择和大豆育种计划中的有效杂交策略设计。为了在育种中确定具有遗传多样性、互补性和有前途的亲本系，本研究旨在确定基于农艺形态特征和单核苷酸多态性（SNP）标记数据的 35 个大豆基因型的遗传多样性、关系和群体结构。聚类分析，基于农艺形态特征，将研究的基因型分为四个聚类。前两个主成分占总表型变异的 62.8%，其中开花 50%的天数、成熟 95%的天数、籽粒产量、爆裂评分和倒伏评分对总变异有高而正的贡献。利用 SNP 标记信息，分别获得了 0.16、0.19、0.067 和 0.227 的最小等位基因频率（MAF）、多态信息含量（PIC）、观察杂合度（Ho）和期望杂合度（He）的平均值。使用不同的聚类方法（混合群体结构、主成分散点图和层次聚类），将研究的基因型分为四个主要聚类。农艺形态和分子分析结果表明，研究的基因型之间存在中等遗传多样性。与产量显著相关的性状为大豆产量的遗传改良提供了有价值的信息。
