College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
Genes (Basel). 2024 Oct 25;15(11):1372. doi: 10.3390/genes15111372.
Fatty acid composition and its proportions are critical to the nutritional value and storage quality of rice ( L.) as the third major nutrient component in this staple food. This study involved crossing an indica rice variety, Huazhan (HZ), as the male parent, with a japonica variety, Nekken2, as the female parent, to produce the F1 generation. Subsequently, a population of 120 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was developed through multiple generations of self-breeding. By utilizing a high-density molecular genetic linkage map and phenotypic data of four fatty acid components, we identified a total of 14 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) related to fatty acid composition across chromosomes 1, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 9. These included two QTLs for C content, three for C content, six for C content, and three for C content. Notably, the QTL exhibited a high LOD score of 5.22. Within QTL intervals, genes such as and affecting grain length were identified. The expression of candidate genes within these intervals was assessed and further analyzed by using quantitative real-time PCR. Genes such as , , , , , , , , and were found to regulate fatty acid synthesis or metabolic pathways, potentially enhancing fatty acid content in rice. These QTLs are indispensable for breeding rice varieties with improved fatty acid profiles, offering new genetic resources for enhancing the nutritional and storage qualities of rice.
脂肪酸组成及其比例是大米（L.）作为主食的第三大营养成分的营养价值和储存质量的关键。本研究以籼稻品种华占（HZ）为父本，与粳稻品种Nekken2 为母本进行杂交，产生了 F1 代。随后，通过多代自交，培育出了一个包含 120 个重组自交系（RILs）的群体。利用高密度分子遗传连锁图谱和四个脂肪酸成分的表型数据，我们在第 1、3、4、6、8 和 9 号染色体上总共鉴定到了 14 个与脂肪酸组成相关的数量性状位点（QTLs）。这些 QTL 中，有 2 个与 C 含量有关，3 个与 C 含量有关，6 个与 C 含量有关，3 个与 C 含量有关。值得注意的是，QTL 表现出 5.22 的高 LOD 得分。在 QTL 区间内，鉴定到了影响粒长的 和 等基因。通过使用定量实时 PCR 评估这些区间内候选基因的表达，并进一步进行分析。发现 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 和 等基因参与脂肪酸的合成或代谢途径的调控，可能提高了水稻的脂肪酸含量。这些 QTL 对于培育脂肪酸组成改善的水稻品种至关重要，为提高水稻的营养价值和储存品质提供了新的遗传资源。
