关于大麻用于治疗艾滋病毒和癌症症状管理的观察性研究的范围综述：对大麻护理的启示
A Scoping Review of Observational Research on Cannabis Use for Symptom Management in HIV and Cancer: Implications for Cannabis Nursing.
作者信息
Cho Hwayoung, Kalina Elena, Wu Jianli, Cook Robert, Salloum Ramzi, Liu Yiyang, Bian Jiang, Guo Jingchuan, Starkweather Angela
机构信息
Department of Family, Community and Health System Science, College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
Department of Health Education Behavior, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
出版信息
J Clin Nurs. 2025 Feb;34(2):422-429. doi: 10.1111/jocn.17565. Epub 2024 Nov 27.
BACKGROUND
People with HIV have a higher risk of developing non-AIDS-defining cancers in older age, leading to a significant population living with two conditions, HIV and cancer. There is an increasing interest in cannabis use for symptom management in people with chronic conditions; in 2023, the American Nurses Association officially recognised cannabis nursing as a specialty nursing practice focusing on the care of individuals seeking education/guidance in the therapeutic use of cannabis, supporting the urgency of its research. However, the scientific literature lacks a synthesised review in the focused populations.
AIM
To explore observational research on cannabis use for symptom management among people with HIV and/or cancer and identify gaps in current knowledge to inform future research and policy development.
METHODS
Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist, a literature search of relevant articles was conducted in the databases PubMed (n = 552), PsycInfo (n = 204), CINAHL (n = 164) and Embase (n = 976). Upon screening 1738 articles, 142 were identified for full-text review and 51 were retained for data extraction.
RESULTS
There were more studies evaluating cannabis use among people with cancer than with HIV and no studies among people living with comorbid HIV and cancer. Most studies were cross-sectional with limited metrics on the perceived effectiveness and safety of cannabis use for symptom management and its dosing/mode of delivery for reducing symptoms. While studies focused on cannabis therapy under the provision of healthcare providers, individuals reported obtaining information about cannabis from friends/family/the Internet.
IMPLICATIONS FOR CANNABIS NURSING
This body of research could be strengthened by rigorous longitudinal study designs to build causal relationships on the therapeutic effects of cannabis use and the inclusion of reliable and valid symptom assessment measures over time, which facilitates developing clinical practice guidance and policymaking in cannabis nursing.
PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION
No patient or public contribution.
背景
感染艾滋病毒的人在老年时患非艾滋病定义性癌症的风险更高，导致大量人群同时患有艾滋病毒和癌症两种疾病。对于慢性病患者使用大麻进行症状管理的兴趣日益增加；2023年，美国护士协会正式认可大麻护理为一种专业护理实践，专注于为寻求大麻治疗用途教育/指导的个人提供护理，这凸显了对其进行研究的紧迫性。然而，科学文献中缺乏针对特定人群的综合综述。
目的
探讨关于艾滋病毒感染者和/或癌症患者使用大麻进行症状管理的观察性研究，并确定当前知识中的差距，以为未来的研究和政策制定提供信息。
方法
按照系统评价和Meta分析扩展版的范围综述的首选报告项目（PRISMA-ScR）清单，在PubMed（n = 552）、PsycInfo（n = 204）、CINAHL（n = 164）和Embase（n = 976）数据库中对相关文章进行文献检索。在筛选1738篇文章后，确定142篇进行全文审查，51篇被保留用于数据提取。
结果
评估癌症患者使用大麻的研究比评估艾滋病毒感染者使用大麻的研究更多，且没有关于艾滋病毒和癌症合并感染者使用大麻的研究。大多数研究是横断面研究，关于大麻用于症状管理的感知有效性和安全性及其减轻症状的给药剂量/方式的指标有限。虽然研究集中在医疗保健提供者提供的大麻治疗上，但个人报告称从朋友/家人/互联网获取有关大麻的信息。
对大麻护理的启示
通过严谨的纵向研究设计来建立大麻使用治疗效果的因果关系，并纳入随时间推移可靠且有效的症状评估措施，可以加强这一研究体系，这有助于制定大麻护理的临床实践指南和政策。
患者或公众贡献
无患者或公众参与。
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