College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2025 Feb 15;39(3):e9949. doi: 10.1002/rcm.9949.
The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata (AKH) play a key role in determining its effects such as organoleptic properties, medicinal properties, and consumer preferences. The nonmedicinal parts (roots, fibrous roots, stems, leaves, and shells) in AKH are also rich in VOCs and different degrees of antibacterial activity. Therefore, it is important to comprehensively characterize the VOCs in different parts of AKH and learn about their potential antimicrobial abilities.
In this study, headspace gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) and headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) were used to comprehensively investigate the compositional characteristics and differences of roots, fibrous roots, stems, leaves, shells, and seeds in AKH. Multivariate statistical analysis was used to determine the differential VOCs in different parts of AKH. The inhibition zone diameter method was used to compare the antibacterial ability of different parts.
HS-GC-IMS and HS-SPME-GC-MS analyses identified 67 and 125 VOCs, respectively. Multivariate statistical analysis showed the differences in the six parts is obvious. Compounds such as (E)-2-heptenal and thymol were selected as potential VOCs to distinguish six sites of AKH. In general, the inhibition effect of the volatile oils from shell and root on the two colonies was better, and the volatile oils of the four parts of AKH have better inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus.
This research conducted a comprehensive analysis of the fundamental volatile components in AKH. It subsequently elucidated the distinctions and specificities in different parts. The antibacterial effect of volatile oil in different parts was further compared, which was conducive to finding alternative parts for seeds in some active aspects, and the utilization of AKH was more sufficient.
高良姜（Alpinia katsumadai Hayata）中的挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）在决定其感官特性、药用特性和消费者偏好等方面起着关键作用。高良姜的非药用部分（根茎、须根、茎、叶和壳）也富含 VOCs，且具有不同程度的抗菌活性。因此，全面描述高良姜不同部位的 VOC 并了解其潜在的抗菌能力非常重要。
本研究采用顶空气相色谱-离子迁移谱（HS-GC-IMS）和顶空固相微萃取气相色谱-质谱联用（HS-SPME-GC-MS）技术全面研究了高良姜的根茎、须根、茎、叶、壳和种子中成分特征和差异。采用多元统计分析确定高良姜不同部位的差异 VOCs。采用抑菌圈直径法比较不同部位的抗菌能力。
HS-GC-IMS 和 HS-SPME-GC-MS 分析分别鉴定出 67 种和 125 种 VOCs。多元统计分析表明，6 个部位的差异明显。（E）-2-庚烯醛和百里酚等化合物被选为潜在的 VOCs 来区分高良姜的 6 个部位。总体而言，壳和根中的挥发油对两种菌的抑制效果较好，高良姜的 4 个部位的挥发油对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制效果较好。
本研究对高良姜中的基本挥发性成分进行了全面分析，阐明了不同部位的差异和特异性。进一步比较了不同部位挥发油的抑菌效果，有利于在某些活性方面寻找种子的替代部位，更充分地利用高良姜。
