血清类胡萝卜素与成年人偏头痛的关联：来自 NHANES 数据的横断面研究。

Association between serum carotenoids and migraine in adults: a cross-sectional study from NHANES data.

机构信息

Department of Neurology, Affiliated Yueqing Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.338 Qingyuan Road, Yueqing, Zhejiang Province, 325600, China.

Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.

出版信息

Eur J Nutr. 2024 Nov 28;64(1):31. doi: 10.1007/s00394-024-03550-4.

DOI:10.1007/s00394-024-03550-4

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Little is known regarding the impact of serum carotenoids, a class of compounds having anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, on migraine. This study aimed to examine the association between serum carotenoid levels and migraine risk among United States adults.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study recruited 7744 individuals aged 20 years or older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted between 2001 and 2004. The concentrations of five serum carotenoids (α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, and lutein + zeaxanthin) and retinol were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. Migraine was diagnosed when participants reported that they had severe headaches or migraines during the past three months. Weighted multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were used to determine the association between serum carotenoid levels and migraine risk.

RESULTS

Among the 7744 participants enrolled in the study, 1595 (20.6%) had migraine. Compared with the lowest quartiles, the highest quartiles of the three serum carotenoids were associated with a lower risk of migraine, with a multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 0.74 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.57-0.97) for α-carotene, 0.64 (95% CI, 0.49-0.83) for β-carotene, and 0.64 (95% CI, 0.53-0.78) for lutein + zeaxanthin, while the third quartile of serum β-cryptoxanthin had lower odds of migraine (OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.54-0.90). The U-shaped patterns of nonlinear relationships between serum β-cryptoxanthin and lutein + zeaxanthin levels and migraine risk were represented by restricted cubic splines. No association was observed between serum lycopene and retinol levels and migraine.

CONCLUSIONS

Low serum carotenoid levels were associated with an increased risk of migraine. Further prospective investigations are warranted to clarify the causative relationship and explore the possible prevention and treatment of migraine using carotenoid supplementation.

摘要

背景

人们对于血清类胡萝卜素（具有抗炎和抗氧化特性的一类化合物）对偏头痛的影响知之甚少。本研究旨在检验美国成年人血清类胡萝卜素水平与偏头痛风险之间的关联。

方法

本横断面研究于 2001 年至 2004 年期间，从国家健康和营养调查中招募了 7744 名年龄在 20 岁及以上的成年人。采用高效液相色谱法测量五种血清类胡萝卜素（α-胡萝卜素、β-胡萝卜素、β-隐黄质、番茄红素和叶黄素+玉米黄质）和视黄醇的浓度。当参与者报告在过去三个月内患有严重头痛或偏头痛时，即诊断为偏头痛。采用加权多变量逻辑回归和限制立方样条模型来确定血清类胡萝卜素水平与偏头痛风险之间的关联。

结果

在纳入研究的 7744 名参与者中，有 1595 名（20.6%）患有偏头痛。与最低四分位相比，三种血清类胡萝卜素的最高四分位数与偏头痛风险降低相关，多变量调整后的比值比（OR）分别为α-胡萝卜素 0.74（95%置信区间[CI]，0.57-0.97）、β-胡萝卜素 0.64（95% CI，0.49-0.83）和叶黄素+玉米黄质 0.64（95% CI，0.53-0.78），而血清β-隐黄质的第三四分位数与偏头痛的几率较低（OR，0.70；95% CI，0.54-0.90）。血清β-隐黄质和叶黄素+玉米黄质水平与偏头痛风险之间的非线性关系呈 U 型模式，这由限制立方样条表示。血清番茄红素和视黄醇水平与偏头痛之间无关联。