College of Veterinary Medicine and Virus Vaccine Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
Dongjin Veterinary Hospital, Jinju 52779, Korea.
J Vet Sci. 2024 Nov;25(6):e79. doi: 10.4142/jvs.24252.
Porcine circovirus (PCV) is a global concern due to its financial impact on the pig industry. Molecular epidemiology of PCV2 and PCV3 in wild boars is essential for understanding viral dispersal and evolution in the wild boar population.
This study aimed to assess the prevalence and genotypic traits of PCV2 and PCV3 in wild boars in the Gyeongnam region.
Serum samples from wild boars in Gyeongnam Province were screened for PCV2 and PCV3, and polymerase chain reaction-positive samples were further subjected to genotyping and whole-genome sequencing of PCV2 and PCV3.
Thirty-eight samples tested positive for PCV2, 7 for PCV3, and 2 for PCV2 and PCV3 (coinfection). PCV2d and PCV3b are the dominant genotypes, causing PCV2 and PCV3 coinfections. Wild boar PCV2 and PCV3 viruses closely resemble their corresponding genotypic strains circulating in South Korea.
The circulation of PCV2 and/or PCV3 in wild species poses an additional challenge for commercial pig farming due to potential contact with infected wild boars. Our findings highlight the necessity for active monitoring and surveillance of wild boars and the enforcement of stringent biosecurity measures on commercial swine farms to mitigate the risk of PCV spillover to the domestic pig population.
猪圆环病毒（PCV）因其对养猪业的经济影响而成为全球关注的问题。了解野猪中 PCV2 和 PCV3 的分子流行病学对于理解病毒在野猪种群中的传播和进化至关重要。
本研究旨在评估庆尚南道野猪中 PCV2 和 PCV3 的流行情况和基因型特征。
对庆尚南道野猪的血清样本进行 PCV2 和 PCV3 筛查，对聚合酶链反应阳性样本进一步进行 PCV2 和 PCV3 的基因型和全基因组测序。
38 份样本检测出 PCV2 阳性，7 份样本检测出 PCV3 阳性，2 份样本同时感染了 PCV2 和 PCV3。PCV2d 和 PCV3b 是主要的基因型，导致了 PCV2 和 PCV3 的共感染。野猪 PCV2 和 PCV3 病毒与韩国流行的相应基因型株非常相似。
由于与感染的野猪潜在接触，野生动物中 PCV2 和/或 PCV3 的传播对商业养猪业构成了额外的挑战。我们的研究结果强调了对野猪进行积极监测和监控的必要性，并对商业猪场实施严格的生物安全措施，以减轻 PCV 溢出到国内猪群的风险。
