Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem of Ministry of Education, College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
Centre for Quantitative Biology, College of Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
BMC Plant Biol. 2024 Nov 28;24(1):1141. doi: 10.1186/s12870-024-05867-y.
Flower morphology is believed to be primarily shaped by the most important pollinators when more than one pollinating species visits the flowers. However, floral adaptation to the selection mediated by multiple pollinators has received little attention. The plant Stellera chamaejasme has evolved a pollination syndrome matching both lepidopteran and thrips. In this study, to test the relative importance of different pollinators to the plant's reproductive success and clarify how phenotypic selection on floral traits relates to different functional groups of pollinators, we determined the relative contributions of different pollinating insects to plant reproductive fitness through pollinator manipulation experiments and investigated the associated phenotypic selection on floral traits.
Lepidopterans and thrips had comparable contributions to the reproductive fitness of S. chamaejasme. Among lepidopterans, the fitness contribution was distinctly higher for moths than for butterflies. Corolla opening size (i.e., corolla entrance) was subject to positive directional selection mediated mainly by lepidopterans, with thrips exerting opposing directional selection for this trait. The significant correlational selection between tube length and corolla opening size suggested that thrips and lepidopteran pollinators favored either the broad-entranced short flowers or the narrow-entranced long flowers.
Most likely, a functionally integrated adaptation to accommodate a variety of pollinators led to the floral design of S. chamaejasme, which in turn contributed to the diversity of flowers.
Not applicable.
当超过一种传粉物种访问花朵时，人们认为花形态主要是由最重要的传粉者塑造的。然而，花朵对多种传粉者介导的选择的适应还很少受到关注。植物列当已经进化出一种与鳞翅目和蓟马都相匹配的传粉综合征。在这项研究中，为了测试不同传粉者对植物生殖成功的相对重要性，并阐明花形态特征的表型选择与不同功能类群的传粉者有何关系，我们通过传粉者操纵实验确定了不同传粉昆虫对植物生殖适应性的相对贡献，并调查了与花形态特征相关的表型选择。
鳞翅目昆虫和蓟马对列当的生殖适应性有相当的贡献。在鳞翅目昆虫中，飞蛾对植物的适应性贡献明显高于蝴蝶。花被开口大小（即花被入口）主要受到鳞翅目昆虫的正向定向选择，而蓟马对该特征施加了相反的定向选择。管长和花被开口大小之间显著的关联选择表明，蓟马和鳞翅目传粉者都倾向于宽入口短花或窄入口长花。
很可能，一种功能上整合的适应机制，以适应多种传粉者，导致了列当的花型设计，而这反过来又促进了花朵的多样性。
不适用。
