Wang Xinghui, Jiang Nan, Chen Shuoxin, Tuerdi Subinuer, Yang Jiayu, Yan Rong, He Li, Wang Jiajia, Li Yuewei
First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China.
The Second, Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China.
BMC Nurs. 2024 Nov 28;23(1):866. doi: 10.1186/s12912-024-02552-1.
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the most serious manifestation of coronary artery disease. At present, existing treatments cannot change the risk factors for the occurrence of the disease, so patients are prone to fear of progression or recurrence, and studies have shown that excessive fear will cause patients to over-examine, mental abnormalities, suicide and other behaviors, increase unnecessary medical care costs and the social medical burden. Thus to investigate the current situation of progression fear in patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) admitted to hospital in stable stage and analyze its influencing factors.
This is a cross-sectional study. In this study, 160 AMI patients admitted to the Department of Cardiology of a 3 A hospital in Changchun from November 2022 to April 2023 were selected as the research sample by a convenient sampling method. Patients completed the general information questionnaire, the Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form (FoP-Q-SF), the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ), the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire (MCSQ), the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), and the Positive Psychological Questionnaire (PPQ) at the time of stable condition. Using SPSS 25.0 software for data analysis, statistical methods mainly include descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis.
A total of 160 subjects were included, among which the score of simplified fear of progression scale was (33.43 ± 7.09), and the incidence of disorder of fear of progression was 50.60%. The influencing factors included gender (Beta = 0.118, P<0.05), disease perception (Beta = 0.445, P<0.001), psychological capital (Beta=-0.252, P<0.05) and resignation (Beta = 0.167, P < 0.05).
The overall level of fear of progression in patients with AMI at the stable stage of hospitalization is above the medium level. Nursing staff should focus on AIM patients suffering from multiple diseases and lacking awareness of their own diseases, and provide personalized health guidance and psychological nursing targeted to improve patients' rehabilitation, quality of life and FoP level.
急性心肌梗死（AMI）是冠状动脉疾病最严重的表现形式。目前，现有的治疗方法无法改变该疾病发生的危险因素，因此患者容易担心病情进展或复发，且研究表明，过度恐惧会导致患者过度检查、出现精神异常、自杀等行为，增加不必要的医疗费用和社会医疗负担。因此，本研究旨在调查急性心肌梗死（AMI）稳定期住院患者病情进展恐惧的现状，并分析其影响因素。
这是一项横断面研究。本研究采用方便抽样法，选取2022年11月至2023年4月在长春市某三甲医院心内科住院的160例AMI患者作为研究样本。患者在病情稳定时完成一般资料问卷、病情进展恐惧简表（FoP-Q-SF）、疾病感知简表（BIPQ）、医学应对方式问卷（MCSQ）、社会支持评定量表（SSRS）和积极心理问卷（PPQ）。采用SPSS 25.0软件进行数据分析，统计方法主要包括描述性统计、方差分析、Pearson相关分析和多元线性回归分析。
共纳入160名研究对象，其中病情进展恐惧简化量表得分（33.43±7.09）分，病情进展恐惧障碍发生率为50.60%。影响因素包括性别（β=0.118，P<0.05）、疾病感知（β=0.445，P<0.001）、心理资本（β=-0.252，P<0.05）和听天由命（β=0.167，P<0.05）。
AMI住院稳定期患者病情进展恐惧的总体水平处于中等以上。护理人员应关注患有多种疾病且对自身疾病缺乏认知的AMI患者，提供针对性的个性化健康指导和心理护理，以提高患者的康复效果、生活质量和病情进展恐惧水平。
