Bergmann Fynn, Schultz Florian, Fransen Job, Höner Oliver
Institute of Sports Science, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
School of Allied Health, Exercise and Sports Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Port Macquarie, Australia.
Sci Med Footb. 2024 Nov 28:1-16. doi: 10.1080/24733938.2024.2429486.
Talent identification and development (TID) in football can be enhanced through objective assessments of talent predictors. Yet, available instruments rarely consider the unique demands of goalkeepers (GKs). During early phases of talent development, considering a GK's giftedness relating to, for example, different abilities (e.g. motor coordination), can complement views on highly specialized GK-specific attributes (e.g. technical skills). Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate a GK-specific motor coordination assessment to support TID in football at early developmental phases. Six tests were designed to assess ball control relevant to GKs. Their content and face validity were confirmed by independent experts ( = 8). The assessment was evaluated with GKs selected for the German Football Association's TID program (U12-U15; = 120). This study examined the assessment's test-retest reliability and agreement, the structural validity, and the concurrent validity. The overall test score demonstrated good test-retest reliability, although some individual tests showed lower coefficients. Additionally, limited agreement between repeated measurements due to considerable measurement error as well as issues with the structural validity of the test battery were identified. Nevertheless, the findings support the assessment's concurrent validity as higher-rated (i.e. more talented) GKs outperformed lower-rated individuals. Yet, the test battery's diagnostic accuracy is not high enough to justify individual decisions for talent selection. Overall, these findings support the consideration of motor coordination as a talent predictor in youth GKs and emphasize the assessment's potential to enhance coaches' evaluations. The identified psychometric weaknesses in some individual tests provide impetus to further optimize the test battery.
通过对天赋预测指标进行客观评估，可以加强足球领域的人才识别与发展（TID）。然而，现有的工具很少考虑守门员（GK）的独特需求。在人才发展的早期阶段，考虑守门员在不同能力（如运动协调能力）方面的天赋，能够补充对高度专业化的守门员特定属性（如技术技能）的看法。因此，本研究旨在评估一项针对守门员的运动协调能力评估，以支持足球早期发展阶段的人才识别与发展。设计了六项测试来评估与守门员相关的控球能力。其内容和表面效度由独立专家（n = 8）确认。该评估对入选德国足球协会人才识别与发展计划（U12 - U15；n = 120）的守门员进行了评估。本研究考察了该评估的重测信度和一致性、结构效度以及同时效度。总体测试分数显示出良好的重测信度，尽管一些个别测试的系数较低。此外，还发现由于相当大的测量误差导致重复测量之间的一致性有限，以及测试组的结构效度存在问题。尽管如此，研究结果支持该评估的同时效度，因为评分较高（即更有天赋）的守门员表现优于评分较低的个体。然而，测试组的诊断准确性不足以证明在人才选拔中做出个别决策是合理的。总体而言，这些发现支持将运动协调能力作为青年守门员天赋预测指标的考虑，并强调该评估在增强教练评估方面的潜力。在一些个别测试中发现的心理测量学弱点为进一步优化测试组提供了动力。
