García Pliego Rosa Ana, de Hoyos Alonso M Canto, Herreros Herreros Yolanda, Baena Díez José Miguel, Gorroñogoitia Iturbe Ana, Acosta Benito Miguel Ángel, Martín Lesende Iñaki, Mir Sánchez Carolina
CS Dr. Aguilar, Cubas de la Sagra, Madrid, España.
CS Pedro Laín Entralgo, Alcorcón, Madrid, España.
Aten Primaria. 2024 Nov;56 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):103132. doi: 10.1016/j.aprim.2024.103132.
Population aging is a global phenomenon that is increasing the proportion of older people, particularly those over 80 years old. This increase in longevity does not always translate into years of good quality of life. This document reviews the latest evidence on the main preventive activities for older adults, starting with major geriatric syndromes such as frailty, cognitive impairment, and social isolation. It evaluates direct interventions in nutrition, deprescription, and physical exercise. Additionally, for the first time, it includes an analysis of preventive activities related to suicide in older adults, coordinated with mental health promotion programs. Frailty, defined as the progressive deterioration of physiological systems, is a significant predictor of adverse health events and is considered potentially reversible, especially in its early stages. The diagnosis and management of frailty through comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) and the implementation of specific interventions such as multicomponent exercise, adequate nutrition, and medication review are key to improving the functionality and quality of life of older adults.
人口老龄化是一种全球现象，正在增加老年人的比例，尤其是80岁以上的老人。寿命的延长并不总是意味着高质量的生活年限。本文回顾了有关老年人主要预防活动的最新证据，首先是从诸如衰弱、认知障碍和社会孤立等主要老年综合征入手。它评估了在营养、减药和体育锻炼方面的直接干预措施。此外，它首次纳入了与老年人自杀相关的预防活动分析，并与心理健康促进项目相协调。衰弱被定义为生理系统的渐进性衰退，是不良健康事件的重要预测指标，并且被认为在早期阶段可能是可逆的。通过综合老年评估（CGA）诊断和管理衰弱，并实施多组分运动、充足营养和药物审查等特定干预措施，是改善老年人功能和生活质量的关键。
