Christiani D C, Eisen E A, Wegman D H, Ye T T, Lu P L, Gong Z C, Dai H L
Scand J Work Environ Health. 1986 Feb;12(1):40-5. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.2176.
The prevalence of byssinosis and nonspecific respiratory symptoms was studied in 887 textile workers with at least two years of employment in two cotton mills and one silk mill in Shanghai, the People's Republic of China. A standardized respiratory questionnaire was used, and environmental sampling was performed with vertical elutriators and colorimeter grading. Eight percent of the cotton textile workers complained of byssinosis. The reports of byssinosis were mostly mild (grade 1/2), more prevalent among women, and unrelated to duration of employment or elutriator dust levels. Nonspecific respiratory symptoms were significantly more prevalent among cotton textile workers than silk workers. After adjustment for age, gender, and smoking in logistic regression models, the odds ratios for the effect of working in cotton textile mills on chronic bronchitis, chronic cough, and frequent chest illness were 3.3, 2.9 and 4.7, respectively. Although none of the symptoms were related to current dust levels, the range of exposures was narrow, and information was only available on current levels of cotton dust. This study represents the first respiratory survey of the textile industry in China using diagnostic criteria similar to that used in the United States and England; it defines a cohort for prospective investigation.
在中国上海市的两家棉纺厂和一家丝绸厂，对887名至少有两年工作经验的纺织工人进行了棉尘肺和非特异性呼吸道症状患病率的研究。使用了标准化的呼吸问卷，并采用垂直淘析器和比色计分级进行环境采样。8%的棉纺织工人主诉患有棉尘肺。棉尘肺报告大多为轻度（1/2级），在女性中更为普遍，与工作年限或淘析器粉尘水平无关。棉纺织工人中非特异性呼吸道症状的患病率明显高于丝绸工人。在逻辑回归模型中对年龄、性别和吸烟进行调整后，在棉纺织厂工作对慢性支气管炎、慢性咳嗽和频繁胸部疾病影响的优势比分别为3.3、2.9和4.7。虽然没有一种症状与当前粉尘水平相关，但暴露范围较窄，且仅获得了当前棉尘水平的信息。本研究是中国首次采用与美国和英国类似的诊断标准对纺织行业进行的呼吸调查；它确定了一个前瞻性调查的队列。
