Bassetto Kauan, Carvalho-Rocha Vítor, Peres Carlos A, Neckel-Oliveira Selvino
Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ecologia, Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil.
School of Environmental Sciences University of East Anglia Norwich UK.
Ecol Evol. 2024 Nov 28;14(12):e70624. doi: 10.1002/ece3.70624. eCollection 2024 Dec.
Elevation gradients provide excellent semi-experimental conditions to investigate how the spatial distribution of biodiversity is shaped by the environment. Here, we investigate how temperature, productivity, and elevation are related to the diversity of anuran assemblages in a montane region of the southern Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We sampled 20 half-hectare plots between 2020 and 2021, distributed along a sharp elevation gradient. Anuran species richness and abundance decreased with increasing elevation. We show a positive relationship between ambient temperature and frog species richness and abundance, highlighting the importance of temperature in shaping assemblages along the elevation gradient. In contrast, productivity did not affect species richness and abundance, suggesting that available energy via resources does not limit local frog diversity. We further observed marked differences in the composition of anuran assemblages between low and high elevation areas, which were related to temperature. Beta diversity is mainly driven by species replacements among assemblages, which were likely related to environmental conditions. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating protected areas that encompass the entire range of elevations to capture the full complement of landscape-scale diversity. This is crucial as species showed limited distributions, and the marked effects of temperature should be explicitly considered under future scenarios of elevated upslope warming.
海拔梯度为研究生物多样性的空间分布如何受环境塑造提供了绝佳的半实验条件。在此，我们研究温度、生产力和海拔如何与巴西南部大西洋森林山区无尾目动物群落的多样性相关。我们在2020年至2021年期间沿着陡峭的海拔梯度对20个半公顷的样地进行了采样。无尾目物种丰富度和丰度随海拔升高而降低。我们发现环境温度与蛙类物种丰富度和丰度之间存在正相关关系，凸显了温度在沿海拔梯度塑造群落方面的重要性。相比之下，生产力并未影响物种丰富度和丰度，这表明通过资源可得的能量并不限制当地蛙类的多样性。我们还观察到低海拔和高海拔地区无尾目动物群落组成存在显著差异，这与温度有关。β多样性主要由群落间的物种替代驱动，这可能与环境条件有关。这些发现凸显了纳入涵盖整个海拔范围的保护区以获取景观尺度多样性全部组成部分的重要性。这至关重要，因为物种分布有限，且在未来上坡变暖加剧的情景下，应明确考虑温度的显著影响。
