Kaya Ozkan, Ates Fadime, Daler Selda, Canturk Sevil, Turan Metin, Hatterman-Valenti Harlene
Erzincan Horticultural Research Institute Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Erzincan Turkey.
Department of Plant Sciences North Dakota State University Fargo North Dakota USA.
Food Sci Nutr. 2024 Oct 10;12(11):9428-9442. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.4500. eCollection 2024 Nov.
Knowing the concentration levels of phenolic compounds and anthocyanins in grape berries plays a key role, as these compounds significantly contribute to the nutritional value and quality of grapes, affecting both health benefits and grape quality. The current study was conducted to investigate how different tillage (disc harrow, chisel, no tillage) and organic fertilizer (Antep radish and broccoli chopped residue, olive blackwater) treatments affect the concentration of these valuable compounds in Royal grape berries over three consecutive years (2020-2022), providing insights into optimal agricultural practices for enhancing grape quality. Our results documented significant variations in phenolic and anthocyanin concentrations across different soil tillage, organic fertilizer treatments and years. Among the soil treatments, the disc harrow treatment emerged as the most effective in increasing the levels of most phenolic compounds and anthocyanins, while the broccoli fertilizer treatment was identified as the superior fertilizer application for achieving the same goal. Excluding disc harrow and broccoli fertilizer treatments, other treatments such as no tillage and chisel tillage, and fertilizers like olive blackwater and Antep radish, showed variable effectiveness. These treatments, although less effective overall than the leading treatments, contributed to increased levels of certain compounds such as resveratrol and pterostilbene, indicating their specific benefits. The findings also indicated specific combinations of tillage and fertilizer treatments that maximized the accumulation of certain phenolic compounds, like the combination of no tillage with broccoli fertilizer, which was particularly effective in increasing the levels of vanillic acid and -caffeic acid. To sum up, by adopting practices such as disc harrow tillage and broccoli fertilizer application, viticulturists can enhance the phenolic and anthocyanin profiles of grapes, thus improving their nutritional value and potentially the quality of grape and wine produced from these grapes.
了解葡萄浆果中酚类化合物和花青素的浓度水平至关重要，因为这些化合物对葡萄的营养价值和品质有显著贡献，影响着健康益处和葡萄品质。本研究旨在调查不同耕作方式（圆盘耙、凿式犁、免耕）和有机肥料（安塔普萝卜和西兰花切碎残渣、橄榄黑水）处理如何在连续三年（2020 - 2022年）中影响皇家葡萄浆果中这些有价值化合物的浓度，为提高葡萄品质的最佳农业实践提供见解。我们的结果记录了不同土壤耕作、有机肥料处理和年份之间酚类和花青素浓度的显著差异。在土壤处理中，圆盘耙处理在增加大多数酚类化合物和花青素水平方面最为有效，而西兰花肥料处理被确定为实现相同目标的最佳肥料施用方式。排除圆盘耙和西兰花肥料处理，其他处理如免耕和凿式犁耕作，以及橄榄黑水和安塔普萝卜等肥料，效果参差不齐。这些处理虽然总体上不如领先处理有效，但有助于提高某些化合物如白藜芦醇和紫檀芪的水平，表明了它们的特定益处。研究结果还表明了耕作和肥料处理的特定组合能使某些酚类化合物的积累最大化，比如免耕与西兰花肥料的组合，在增加香草酸和咖啡酸水平方面特别有效。总之，通过采用圆盘耙耕作和施用西兰花肥料等做法，葡萄种植者可以改善葡萄的酚类和花青素特征，从而提高其营养价值，并有可能提升用这些葡萄生产的葡萄和葡萄酒的品质。
