Pattanaik Sandesh Kumar, Anil Manisha Prajapati, Jena Sudipta, Rath Diptirani
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751003, India.
School of Pharmacy, Sharda University, Knowledge Park-3, Greater Noida, U.P., 201306, India.
Curr Diabetes Rev. 2024 Nov 29. doi: 10.2174/0115733998335480241022084655.
Diabetes is a chronic, irreversible, non-infectious metabolic syndrome associated with low insulin production by the pancreas or due to insulin resistance. The management landscape for diabetes is swiftly evolving due to ongoing advancements. Conventional treatment approaches have struggled to fully address the root causes of the disease while also carrying significant risks of adverse effects. Flavonoids are an extensive class of phytonutrients present in grains, vegetables, fruits, cocoa, tea, wine, and nuts. Many studies have reported that flavonoids have shown diversified pharmacological activity in recent years. Thus, this review will give you an overview of the significant anti-diabetic potential of promising flavonoids. Various search engines such as PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and WoS have been explored by using the keywords "apigenin," "luteolin," "naringenin," "hesperidin," "kaempferol," "quercetin," "myricetin" and "taxifolin" with "anti-diabetic." The anti-diabetic activity of flavonoids is attributed to various mechanisms, including α glucosidase, α-amylase inhibitory effects, GLUT4 expression, antioxidant, and apoptosis. However, their inadequate biopharmaceutical qualities make their effectiveness in clinical translation constrained. This review aims to highlight plant-derived flavonoids through in-vitro, in- -vivo, and clinical insights. Additionally, the review highlights the recent advancement in the drug delivery system in diabetes to overcome the limitation of flavonoids.
糖尿病是一种慢性、不可逆的非传染性代谢综合征，与胰腺胰岛素分泌不足或胰岛素抵抗有关。由于不断取得进展，糖尿病的治疗格局正在迅速演变。传统的治疗方法难以完全解决该疾病的根本原因，同时还存在显著的不良反应风险。黄酮类化合物是一类广泛存在于谷物、蔬菜、水果、可可、茶、葡萄酒和坚果中的植物营养素。许多研究报告称，近年来黄酮类化合物显示出多种药理活性。因此，本综述将概述有前景的黄酮类化合物显著的抗糖尿病潜力。通过使用关键词“芹菜素”、“木犀草素”、“柚皮素”、“橙皮苷”、“山奈酚”、“槲皮素”、“杨梅素”和“紫杉叶素”以及“抗糖尿病”，对各种搜索引擎如PubMed、Scopus、谷歌学术和Web of Science进行了检索。黄酮类化合物的抗糖尿病活性归因于多种机制，包括α-葡萄糖苷酶、α-淀粉酶抑制作用、葡萄糖转运蛋白4（GLUT4）表达、抗氧化和细胞凋亡。然而，它们不足的生物药剂学性质限制了其在临床转化中的有效性。本综述旨在通过体外、体内和临床研究深入了解植物来源的黄酮类化合物。此外，该综述还强调了糖尿病药物递送系统的最新进展，以克服黄酮类化合物的局限性。
