Bigham Ashkan, Zarepour Atefeh, Khosravi Arezoo, Iravani Siavash, Zarrabi Ali
Institute of Polymers, Composites, and Biomaterials, National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Naples 80125, Italy.
Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale V. Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy.
Biomater Sci. 2025 Jan 14;13(2):379-407. doi: 10.1039/d4bm01229a.
Microneedle patches have emerged as a promising approach for diabetic wound healing by enabling the targeted delivery of therapeutic agents such as stem cells and their derived exosomes, as well as localized delivery of bioactive moieties. These patches offer a non-invasive and efficient method for administering therapeutic payloads directly to the site of the wound, bypassing systemic circulation and minimizing potential side effects. The targeted delivery of stem cells holds immense potential for promoting tissue regeneration and accelerating wound healing in diabetic patients. Similarly, the localized delivery of stem cell-derived exosomes, which are known for their regenerative and anti-inflammatory properties, can enhance the healing process. Furthermore, microneedle patches enable the precise and controlled release of bioactive moieties, such as growth factors and cytokines, directly to the wound site, creating a conducive microenvironment for tissue repair and regeneration. The challenges associated with microneedle patches for diabetic wound healing are multifaceted. Biocompatibility issues, variability in skin characteristics among diabetic patients, regulatory hurdles, scalability, cost considerations, long-term stability, and patient acceptance and compliance all present significant barriers to the widespread adoption and optimization of microneedle technology in clinical practice. Overcoming these challenges will require collaborative efforts from various stakeholders to advance the field and address critical gaps in research and development. Ongoing research focuses on enhancing the biocompatibility and mechanical properties of microneedle materials, developing customizable technologies for personalized treatment approaches, integrating advanced functionalities such as sensors for real-time monitoring, and improving patient engagement and adherence through education and support mechanisms. These advancements have the potential to improve diabetic wound management by providing tailored and precise therapies that promote faster healing and reduce complications. This review explores the current landscape of microneedle patches in the context of diabetic wound management, highlighting both the challenges that need to be addressed and future perspectives for this innovative treatment modality.
微针贴片已成为一种有前景的糖尿病伤口愈合方法，它能够实现干细胞及其衍生外泌体等治疗剂的靶向递送，以及生物活性部分的局部递送。这些贴片提供了一种非侵入性且高效的方法，可将治疗有效载荷直接输送到伤口部位，绕过全身循环并将潜在副作用降至最低。干细胞的靶向递送在促进糖尿病患者组织再生和加速伤口愈合方面具有巨大潜力。同样，已知具有再生和抗炎特性的干细胞衍生外泌体的局部递送可以加速愈合过程。此外，微针贴片能够将生长因子和细胞因子等生物活性部分精确且可控地释放到伤口部位，为组织修复和再生创造有利的微环境。与用于糖尿病伤口愈合的微针贴片相关的挑战是多方面的。生物相容性问题、糖尿病患者皮肤特征的变异性、监管障碍、可扩展性、成本考量、长期稳定性以及患者的接受度和依从性，所有这些都对微针技术在临床实践中的广泛应用和优化构成了重大障碍。克服这些挑战需要各利益相关方共同努力，以推动该领域发展并填补研发中的关键空白。正在进行的研究集中在增强微针材料的生物相容性和机械性能、开发用于个性化治疗方法的可定制技术、集成如用于实时监测的传感器等先进功能，以及通过教育和支持机制提高患者的参与度和依从性。这些进展有可能通过提供促进更快愈合和减少并发症的定制化精确疗法来改善糖尿病伤口管理。这篇综述探讨了在糖尿病伤口管理背景下微针贴片的现状，强调了需要解决的挑战以及这种创新治疗方式的未来前景。
