Guma Edgar Innocent, Bangirana Paul, Birungi Caroline, Ocen Patrick, Morawej Zahra, Nakasujja Noeline
Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Hubert Kairuki Memorial University, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
PLoS One. 2024 Dec 2;19(12):e0314402. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0314402. eCollection 2024.
Interpersonal violence is a significant public health and human rights concern. People living with severe mental illness are especially vulnerable. The Sustainable Development Goals 2030 Agenda aims to end violence. To this end, we gathered information on the prevalence and factors associated with interpersonal violence among one of the most impacted groups: individuals with severe mental illness at Butabika Hospital in Kampala, Uganda. We conducted a cross-sectional study in 2020, including individuals 18 years or older. Data was collected through a socio-demographics questionnaire and nine questions from the modified My Exposure to Community Violence Questionnaire. The assessment evaluated physical or sexual violence experience, frequency, and perpetrator identity. The data was analyzed using STATA version 12 through simple logistic regression to determine the correlation between a single exposure and the outcome of interest, with a significance level of 5%. Among 385 participants, the past year prevalence of overall reported interpersonal violence was about 34%, while physical and sexual reported interpersonal violence were approximately 29% and 11%, respectively. Participants who had perpetrated physical violence had higher odds of experiencing reported interpersonal violence. With increasing age, the odds of experiencing reported interpersonal violence decreased; compared to those aged 18-24 years, those aged 35-44 years had AOR = 0.31 (95% CI: 0.14-0.70, p = 0.005), and those aged 45 years and above had AOR = 0.34 (95% CI: 0.15-0.80, p = 0.013). Reported interpersonal violence was high among the participants. While individuals of older age had lower odds of reporting interpersonal violence, those who had perpetrated physical violence in the past year had higher odds. Screening for interpersonal violence among young patients is recommended. Psycho-education on preventing physical violence should be provided, especially to younger adults. The Ministry of Health should address violence against individuals with mental illness through mass sensitization. A prospective study could investigate risk and protective factors.
人际暴力是一个重大的公共卫生和人权问题。患有严重精神疾病的人尤其脆弱。《2030年可持续发展目标议程》旨在消除暴力。为此，我们收集了乌干达坎帕拉布塔比卡医院受影响最严重的群体之一——患有严重精神疾病的个体中人际暴力的患病率及相关因素的信息。我们在2020年进行了一项横断面研究，纳入18岁及以上的个体。通过社会人口统计学问卷和修改后的《我的社区暴力暴露问卷》中的九个问题收集数据。该评估评估身体暴力或性暴力经历、频率和施暴者身份。使用STATA 12版本通过简单逻辑回归分析数据，以确定单一暴露与感兴趣结果之间的相关性，显著性水平为5%。在385名参与者中，过去一年报告的总体人际暴力患病率约为34%，而报告的身体暴力和性暴力人际暴力患病率分别约为29%和11%。实施过身体暴力的参与者经历报告的人际暴力的几率更高。随着年龄的增长，经历报告的人际暴力的几率降低；与18 - 24岁的人相比，35 - 44岁的人调整后比值比（AOR）= 0.31（95%置信区间：0.14 - 0.70，p = 0.005），45岁及以上的人AOR = 0.34（95%置信区间：0.15 - 0.80，p = 0.013）。参与者中报告的人际暴力发生率较高。虽然年龄较大的个体报告人际暴力的几率较低，但过去一年实施过身体暴力的人报告人际暴力的几率较高。建议对年轻患者进行人际暴力筛查。应提供预防身体暴力的心理教育，尤其是对年轻成年人。卫生部应通过大规模宣传来解决针对患有精神疾病个体的暴力问题。前瞻性研究可以调查风险和保护因素。
