Shah Syed Ahmed, Sohail Muhammad, Nakielski Paweł, Rinoldi Chiara, Zargarian Seyed Shahrooz, Kosik-Kozioł Alicja, Ziai Yasamin, Haghighat Bayan Mohammad Ali, Zakrzewska Anna, Rybak Daniel, Bartolewska Magdalena, Pierini Filippo
Department of Biosystems and Soft Matter, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-106, Poland.
Faculty of Pharmacy, The Superior University, Lahore 54000, Punjab, Pakistan.
Biomacromolecules. 2025 Jan 13;26(1):140-162. doi: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01133. Epub 2024 Dec 2.
Bone defects resulting from congenital anomalies and trauma pose significant clinical challenges for orthopedics surgeries, where bone tissue engineering (BTE) aims to address these challenges by repairing defects that fail to heal spontaneously. Despite numerous advances, BTE still faces several challenges, i.e., difficulties in detecting and tracking implanted cells, high costs, and regulatory approval hurdles. Biomaterials promise to revolutionize bone grafting procedures, heralding a new era of regenerative medicine and advancing patient outcomes worldwide. Specifically, novel bioactive biomaterials have been developed that promote cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation and have osteoconductive and osteoinductive characteristics, stimulating tissue regeneration and repair, particularly in complex skeletal defects caused by trauma, degeneration, and neoplasia. A wide array of biological therapeutics for bone regeneration have emerged, drawing from the diverse spectrum of gene therapy, immune cell interactions, and RNA molecules. This review will provide insights into the current state and potential of future strategies for bone regeneration.
先天性异常和创伤导致的骨缺损给骨科手术带来了重大临床挑战，骨组织工程（BTE）旨在通过修复无法自发愈合的缺损来应对这些挑战。尽管取得了诸多进展，但BTE仍面临一些挑战，即检测和追踪植入细胞存在困难、成本高昂以及监管审批障碍。生物材料有望彻底改变骨移植程序，开创再生医学的新纪元，并改善全球患者的治疗效果。具体而言，已开发出新型生物活性生物材料，其可促进细胞黏附、增殖和分化，并具有骨传导和骨诱导特性，刺激组织再生和修复，尤其是在由创伤、退变和肿瘤形成导致的复杂骨骼缺损中。从基因治疗、免疫细胞相互作用和RNA分子等不同领域涌现出了大量用于骨再生的生物疗法。本综述将深入探讨骨再生当前的状况以及未来策略的潜力。
