Sun Ya, Peng Shihan, Guo Minghui, Xiong Xing, Lu Yuxin, Chai Bo, Wang Chunlei, Zhang Manman, Ding Deng, Yan Juntao
School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 Jan;285:138241. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.138241. Epub 2024 Nov 30.
Self-supporting carbon fibers are extensively employed as active components in energy storage systems due to their tunable microstructures, large specific surface area, affordability, and excellent electrical conductivity. Nevertheless, conventional methods for producing carbon fibers typically involve complicated synthesis processes, environmental pollution, and high energy consumption. In this study, lignin-based carbon nanofibers (LCNFs) were prepared through electrospinning and subsequent heat treatment. The morphologies, crystal structures, and specific surface area of the as-prepared LCNFs were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and nitrogen sorption isotherms. The influence of lignin content on the on the structural, morphological, and electrochemical properties of the carbon nanofibers were examined, particularly in their applications as supercapacitor and lithium-ion battery anode materials. The as-prepared LCNF-2 possess the highest specific surface area of 468.3 m g. As a self-supporting electrode in supercapacitors (SCs), the LCNF-2 delivered 256.3 F g at 0.2 A g, and capacitance retention of 62.0 % at the current density raised from 0.5 to 10 A g. The assembled LCNF-2//LCNF-2 symmetric supercapacitor demonstrated a specific capacitance of 168 F g at 5 A g, maintaining 100 % capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles. Additionally, it achieved an energy density of 5.6 Wh kg at a power density of 1250.0 W kg. As a lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) anode, the LCNF-2 showed a discharge specific capacity of 1108.3 mAh g and a discharge specific capacity of 377.3 mAh g in the first cycle, with a capacity retention rate of 84.6 % after 100 cycles at 1C. This work offers a novel approach for the high-value utilization of agricultural waste straw lignin in energy storage devices.
自支撑碳纤维因其可调节的微观结构、大比表面积、成本效益和优异的导电性，被广泛用作储能系统的活性成分。然而，传统的碳纤维生产方法通常涉及复杂的合成过程、环境污染和高能耗。在本研究中，通过静电纺丝和后续热处理制备了木质素基碳纳米纤维（LCNF）。使用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射和氮吸附等温线对所制备的LCNF的形态、晶体结构和比表面积进行了表征。研究了木质素含量对碳纳米纤维结构、形态和电化学性能的影响，特别是在其作为超级电容器和锂离子电池负极材料的应用中。所制备的LCNF-2具有468.3 m²/g的最高比表面积。作为超级电容器（SC）中的自支撑电极，LCNF-2在0.2 A/g时的比电容为256.3 F/g，当电流密度从0.5 A/g提高到10 A/g时，电容保持率为62.0%。组装的LCNF-2//LCNF-2对称超级电容器在5 A/g时的比电容为168 F/g，在10000次循环后保持100%的电容保持率。此外，在功率密度为1250.0 W/kg时，其能量密度达到5.6 Wh/kg。作为锂离子电池（LIB）的负极，LCNF-2在第一个循环中的放电比容量为1108.3 mAh/g，在1C下100次循环后的放电比容量为377.3 mAh/g，容量保持率为84.6%。这项工作为农业废弃秸秆木质素在储能装置中的高值利用提供了一种新方法。
