Atalla Mohamed A, Shebl Ali, Ðurin Bojan, Kranjčić Nikola, AlMetwaly Wael M
Department of Geography, and Survey, Higher Institute for Literary Studies in King Mariout, Alexandria, Egypt.
Department of Mineralogy and Geology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
Sci Rep. 2024 Dec 2;14(1):29938. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-76989-4.
Recently, the use and management of water resources have become a critical issue, especially in arid and semi-arid surroundings. In such areas, the importance of mapping groundwater potential zones is unmeasurable since water is a critical human resource. Focused on the semi-arid region of Kuwait, our research integrates Google Earth Engine and multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM), offering a robust admission to identifying groundwater potential zones. To this end, thirteen criteria including geology, slope, rainfall, elevation, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Land Surface Temperature (LST), drainage density, Land Use and Land Cover (LULC), lineament density, topographic wetness index (TWI), geomorphology, and the water table were integrated to reach a wise decision through AHP-MCDM. Our findings revealed that Kuwait's groundwater potential zones are extremely well suited to the country's north and east. Appropriate potential zones with high and moderate degrees encompass 12% and 37%, respectively, while extremely high suitability is less than 1.5%. These findings are based on the input data (mainly rainfall, NDVI, NDWI, and LST). The likelihood of groundwater potential is higher in the lower regions of the country. Over 7500 km-nearly 50% of the total area-are classified as low potential. Furthermore, Our research shows that combining more factors can increase precision while ensuring the stability of the detection process of GWPZs. Around 242 km as promising targets for future groundwater exploitation within Kuwait. Rigorously validated through on-site field observations and corroborated by maps showing the distribution of productive groundwater wells in Kuwait, our results exhibit a considered alignment. It is recommended that we extend the application of our methodology beyond the borders of the studied terrain and urge decision-makers to consider our findings in their strategic planning processes.
最近，水资源的利用和管理已成为一个关键问题，尤其是在干旱和半干旱地区。在这些地区，绘制地下水潜力区的重要性不可估量，因为水是至关重要的人类资源。针对科威特的半干旱地区，我们的研究整合了谷歌地球引擎和多准则决策（MCDM），为识别地下水潜力区提供了有力途径。为此，综合了包括地质、坡度、降雨量、海拔、归一化植被指数（NDVI）、归一化差异水体指数（NDWI）、地表温度（LST）、排水密度、土地利用和土地覆盖（LULC）、线性构造密度、地形湿度指数（TWI）、地貌和地下水位在内的13个准则，通过层次分析法 - 多准则决策来做出明智决策。我们的研究结果表明，科威特的地下水潜力区非常适合该国的北部和东部。高度和中度适宜的潜力区分别占12%和37%，而极高适宜性的区域不到1.5%。这些发现基于输入数据（主要是降雨量、NDVI、NDWI和LST）。该国较低地区地下水潜力的可能性更高。超过7500平方公里——几乎占总面积的50%——被归类为低潜力区。此外，我们的研究表明，结合更多因素可以提高精度，同时确保地下水潜力区检测过程的稳定性。在科威特境内约242平方公里的区域是未来地下水开采的有前景目标。通过现场实地观测进行了严格验证，并得到科威特生产性地下水井分布图的佐证，我们的结果显示出合理的一致性。建议将我们的方法应用扩展到研究区域边界之外，并敦促决策者在其战略规划过程中考虑我们的研究结果。
