Hofmann H, Kunz C, Popow-Kraupp T, Radda A C
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 1986 Mar 7;98(5):133-7.
As a consequence of the rubella epidemic in Austria in 1979, prophylaxis against this disease was intensified. In spite of this measure, however, there was an increase in cases of rubella in 1984/85. The peak incidence in both years occurred in May. In 1984, most cases were found in Vienna, Lower and Upper Austria, and Salzburg, whereas in 1985, Styria and Vienna were most affected. The clinical diagnosis of rubella was confirmed serologically in 685 patients. Of these, 151 were pregnant women and 104 were women of childbearing age who gave no information as to pregnancy. Due to the virtually complete recognition of cases, which usually led to therapeutic abortion, only 7 cases of intrauterine rubella infection were recorded. In spite of the vaccination of all prepuberal schoolgirls, of women at occupational risk, and of seronegative women after delivery, 10% of women of childbearing age still have no reliable immunity (HI titre 1:32) to rubella. This situation can be improved only by testing women at around 20 years of age for immunity (irrespective of their vaccination status) and vaccinating them if necessary.
由于1979年奥地利爆发风疹疫情,对该疾病的预防措施得到了加强。然而,尽管采取了这一措施,1984/85年风疹病例仍有所增加。这两年的发病率高峰均出现在5月。1984年,大多数病例出现在维也纳、下奥地利州、上奥地利州和萨尔茨堡,而1985年,施蒂利亚州和维也纳受影响最大。685例患者的风疹临床诊断通过血清学得到证实。其中,151例为孕妇,104例为育龄妇女,她们未提供妊娠相关信息。由于病例几乎都得到了确诊,通常导致治疗性流产,仅记录到7例宫内风疹感染病例。尽管所有青春期前女学生、职业风险女性以及产后血清阴性女性都接种了疫苗,但仍有10%的育龄妇女对风疹没有可靠的免疫力(血凝抑制抗体滴度为1:32)。只有通过在约20岁时检测女性的免疫力(无论其疫苗接种状况如何),并在必要时为她们接种疫苗,这种情况才能得到改善。