无人机喷施不同剂型氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐对沟渠钉螺的杀螺效果研究
[Molluscicidal effect of spraying different formulations of niclosamide ethanolamine salt with drones against in ditches].
作者信息
Zhu Z, Zhang X, He J, Chen Y, Wang W, Hu H, Cao C, Bao Z, Guo S, Duan L, Yuan Y, Xu J, Li S, Zhou X
机构信息
National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200025, China.
Jiangling County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jingzhou, Hubei 434100, China.
出版信息
Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi. 2024 Sep 19;36(5):527-530. doi: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2024003.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the molluscicidal effect of spraying different formulations of niclosamide ethanolamine salt with drones against in ditches.
METHODS
A semi-dry and semi-wet ditch with snails was selected in the second branch field of Jiangbei Farm, Jiangling County, Hubei Province in May 2023, and divided into 4 experimental areas, named groups A1, A2, B1 and B2. Environmental cleaning was performed in groups A1 and B2, and was not conducted in groups A2 or B2. Then, 50% wettable powder of niclosamide ethanolamine salt was sprayed with drones at an effective dose of 2 g/m in groups A1 and A2, and 5% niclosamide ethanolamine salt granule was sprayed with drones at an effective dose of 2 g/m in groups B1 and B2. snails were surveyed using the systematic sampling method 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 days after spraying, and the natural mortality and corrected mortality of snails were calculated.
RESULTS
The occurrence of frames with living snails, mean density of living snails and natural mortality of snails were 97.50% (117/120), 6.30 snails/0.1 m and 1.18% (9/765) in the test ditch before spraying, respectively. There were significant differences in the mortality of snails among four groups 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14 days after spraying niclosamide formulations with drones (χ = 17.230, 51.707, 65.184, 204.050 and 34.435, all values < 0.01). The overall mortality rates of snails were 94.51% (1 051/1 112), 79.44% (908/1 143), 96.54% (977/1 012) and 88.55% (1 021/1 153) in groups A1, A2, B1 and B2 (χ = 207.773, < 0.05), respectively. In addition, there was no significant difference in the overall snail mortality between groups A1 and B1 ( > 0.05), and the snail mortality in groups A1 and B1 were both statistically different from that in groups A2 and B2 (all values < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Both 50% wettlable powder of niclosamide ethanolamine salt and 5% niclosamide ethanolamine salt granule sprayed with drones are active against snails in ditches, and environmental cleaning may improve the molluscicidal effect.
目的
评估用无人机喷洒不同剂型氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐对沟渠钉螺的杀螺效果。
方法
2023年5月在湖北省江陵县江北农场二分场选取一条有钉螺的半干半湿沟渠，分为4个试验区，分别命名为A1、A2、B1和B2组。对A1和B2组进行环境清理，A2和B2组不进行。然后，A1和A2组用无人机以2 g/m的有效剂量喷洒50%氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐可湿性粉剂，B1和B2组用无人机以2 g/m的有效剂量喷洒5%氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐颗粒剂。在喷洒后1、3、5、7、14天采用系统抽样法调查钉螺，计算钉螺的自然死亡率和校正死亡率。
结果
喷洒前试验沟渠中有活螺框出现率、活螺平均密度和钉螺自然死亡率分别为97.50%（117/120）、6.30只/0.1 m和1.18%（9/765）。用无人机喷洒氯硝柳胺制剂后1、3、5、7和14天，四组钉螺死亡率差异有统计学意义（χ² = 17.230、51.707、65.184、204.050和34.435，P值均<0.01）。A1、A2、B1和B2组钉螺总死亡率分别为94.51%（1 051/1 112）、79.44%（908/1 143）、96.54%（977/1 012）和88.55%（1 021/1 153）（χ² = 207.773，P<0.05）。此外，A1和B1组钉螺总死亡率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），A1和B1组钉螺死亡率与A2和B2组均有统计学差异（P值均<0.05）。
结论
用无人机喷洒50%氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐可湿性粉剂和5%氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐颗粒剂对沟渠钉螺均有杀灭作用，环境清理可能提高杀螺效果。
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