Maltezou Helena C, Gamaletsou Maria N, Chini Maria, Petrakis Vasileios, Rapti Vasiliki, Giannouchos Theodoros V, Karantoni Eleni, Kounouklas Konstantinos, Stamou Panagiota, Karapanou Αmalia, Basoulis Dimitrios, Verykokkou Andrianna-Chrysovalanto, Souliotis Kyriakos, Panagopoulos Periklis, Hatzigeorgiou Dimitrios, Poulakou Garyfalia, Syrigos Konstantinos N, Sipsas Nikolaos V
Directorate of Research, Studies and Documentation, National Public Health Organization, Athens 15123, Greece.
Pathophysiology Department, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece.
Infect Med (Beijing). 2024 Oct 18;3(4):100144. doi: 10.1016/j.imj.2024.100144. eCollection 2024 Dec.
To estimate the protection that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine doses conferred to hospitalized patients with COVID-19 against adverse outcomes and longer length of stay during the Omicron BA.2 and BA.5 subvariant epidemics in Greece.
The study was conducted from November 2022 to May 2023. Multivariable logistic and negative binomial regression models were applied to estimate the association between any adverse outcomes and length of stay with the number of COVID-19 vaccine doses.
We studied 962 patients (median age: 78 years; mean length of stay: 9.2 days), of whom 847 (88.0%) had ≥ 1 comorbidity. Of these, 39 (4.0%) were admitted to the intensive care unit, 44 (4.6%) received invasive mechanical ventilation, and 110 (11.4%) died in hospital. There were 184 (19.1%) unvaccinated patients, 125 (13.0%) with one or two vaccine doses, and 653 (67.9%) with ≥ 3 doses. In multivariable analyses, patients with ≥ 3 doses had lower odds of experiencing any adverse outcomes (adjusted odds ratio: 0.57; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.37-0.86) compared with unvaccinated patients. On average, patients with one or two doses and those with ≥ 3 had decreased length of hospital stay (-1.5 days [95% CIs: -2.6 to -0.4] and -2.8 days [95% CIs: -4.1 to -1.4], respectively] compared with unvaccinated patients. Other characteristics consistently associated with adverse outcomes and longer length of stay included older age, having three or more comorbidities compared with none, and being admitted to the hospital two or more weeks post-diagnosis.
A history of ≥ 3 vaccine doses conferred significant protection against any adverse outcome and longer length of stay in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
评估2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疫苗剂量对希腊奥密克戎BA.2和BA.5亚变体流行期间COVID-19住院患者不良结局及更长住院时间的保护作用。
该研究于2022年11月至2023年5月进行。应用多变量逻辑回归和负二项回归模型来估计任何不良结局及住院时间与COVID-19疫苗剂量数之间的关联。
我们研究了962例患者（中位年龄：78岁；平均住院时间：9.2天），其中847例（88.0%）有≥1种合并症。其中，39例（4.0%）入住重症监护病房，44例（4.6%）接受有创机械通气，110例（11.4%）在医院死亡。有184例（19.1%）未接种疫苗的患者，125例（13.0%）接种了1或2剂疫苗，653例（67.9%）接种了≥3剂疫苗。在多变量分析中，与未接种疫苗的患者相比，接种≥3剂疫苗的患者出现任何不良结局的几率较低（调整后的优势比：0.57；95%置信区间[CI]：0.37 - 0.86）。平均而言，接种1或2剂疫苗的患者和接种≥3剂疫苗的患者与未接种疫苗的患者相比，住院时间缩短（分别为-1.5天[95% CI：-2.6至-0.4]和-2.8天[95% CI：-4.1至-1.4]）。其他与不良结局和更长住院时间始终相关的特征包括年龄较大、有三种或更多合并症（与无合并症相比）以及在诊断后两周或更长时间入院。
≥3剂疫苗接种史对COVID-19住院患者的任何不良结局和更长住院时间具有显著保护作用。
