Guan Mingxuan, Guan Junfeng, Zhang Haotian, Peng Dikuang, Wen Xiaotong, Zhang Xiaoyong, Pan Qing
College of Ocean, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China.
Aquac Nutr. 2024 Mar 4;2024:1755727. doi: 10.1155/2024/1755727. eCollection 2024.
To exploit aquatic animals' feed resources and functional ingredients and additives, this experiment investigated the effects (a 2 × 2 factorial trial) and mechanism of woody plants and probiotics on Nile tilapia. Each treatment group was randomly assigned triplicate nets of 40 fish (initial body weight of 35.04 ± 0.01 g) in 12 tanks for 56 days. Fish were fed four diets, including a CON-CON diet (with no supplementation) and CON-Ba (basal diet + 1 × 10 CFU/g ), MO-CON (basal diet + 10% ) and MO-Ba (basal diet + 1 × 10 CFU/g + 10% ) until apparent satiation (2 meals/day). The results showed that the MO diet had a lower feed conversion ratio than the non-MO diets ( < 0.05). The weight gain in the Ba group was significantly higher than those in the groups without Ba treatment ( < 0.05). Both MO and Ba improved the morphological indices when applied individually ( < 0.05). Ba supplementation improved the activities of digestive enzymes ( < 0.05). MO significantly upregulated the gene expression of , , , and in the spleen of Nile tilapia ( < 0.05), while Ba significantly upregulated the gene expression of -6 and ). The microbiological analyses showed that the abundances of beneficial bacteria increased, and the relative abundances of pathogenic bacteria decreased in fish-fed MO. In conclusion, dietary MO and Ba can effectively improve the immunity of Nile tilapia, while Ba can enhance the activities of digestive enzymes. The synergistic effect of MO and Ba on the intestinal microbiota of Nile tilapia promotes growth, thus showing promising application prospects.
为了开发水产动物的饲料资源以及功能性成分和添加剂，本实验研究了木本植物和益生菌对尼罗罗非鱼的影响（2×2析因试验）及其作用机制。每个处理组在12个水箱中随机分配到三个重复网箱，每个网箱40尾鱼（初始体重35.04±0.01克），实验为期56天。给鱼投喂四种饲料，包括CON-CON饲料（不添加任何物质）和CON-Ba（基础饲料+1×10⁶CFU/g）、MO-CON（基础饲料+10%）和MO-Ba（基础饲料+1×10⁶CFU/g+10%），直至明显饱食（每天两餐）。结果表明，MO饲料组的饲料转化率低于非MO饲料组（P<0.05）。添加Ba组的体重增加显著高于未添加Ba处理的组（P<0.05）。单独使用MO和Ba时均能改善形态指标（P<0.05）。添加Ba可提高消化酶活性（P<0.05）。MO显著上调尼罗罗非鱼脾脏中TLR2、TLR4、MyD88和NF-κB的基因表达（P<0.05），而Ba显著上调IL-6和TNF-α的基因表达。微生物分析表明，投喂MO的鱼体内有益菌丰度增加，病原菌相对丰度降低。总之，日粮中的MO和Ba可有效提高尼罗罗非鱼的免疫力，而Ba可增强消化酶活性。MO和Ba对尼罗罗非鱼肠道微生物群的协同作用促进生长，因此显示出广阔的应用前景。
