Sallam Ghada R, Abdel-Rahim Mohamed M, Lotfy Ayman M, Fayed Walied M, Shehata Akram Ismael, El Basuini Mohammed F, Elwan Rasha I, Al-Absawey Mohamed A, Elhetawy Ashraf I G
Aquaculture Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Cairo, Egypt.
Animal and Fish Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Saba-Basha, P.O. Box 21531, Alexandria, Egypt.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jun 23;15(1):20261. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-06881-2.
High salinity impairs offspring production in Florida red tilapia (FRT) Oreochromis sp. A total of 624 FRT broodstock (1:1 ratio of ♂: ♀) were divided into 16 groups, with 4 males and 4 females housed separately at two salinity levels (18 ppt and 32 ppt). Fish were fed four different levels of Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MOLE) supplementation (0, 5, 10, and 15 g MOLE kg diet) for two months. Following the initial feeding period, males and females receiving the same MOLE level under the same salinity conditions were transferred to 24 spawning concrete tanks. The experiment consisted of eight groups, each containing 3♂ and 6♀, with triplicate setups (four groups at 18 ppt and four groups at 32 ppt). Fish were fed at 1% of their body weight for four months. The results revealed significant (p < 0.05) improvements in water quality (lower ammonium and nitrite), growth parameters, feed conversion ratio, carcass protein content, digestive enzymes, liver enzymes, cortisol level, innate immunity, antioxidants, testosterone and progesterone hormones, and reproductive function (♂ and ♀) with MOLE-fed broodstock in both salinities. MOLE at 10-15 g/kg can improve FRT performance, welfare, fertility (♀), and reproduction under high salinity conditions (32 ppt).
高盐度会损害佛罗里达红罗非鱼（FRT）奥利亚罗非鱼的后代产量。总共624尾FRT亲鱼（雄雌比例为1:1）被分为16组，每组4尾雄鱼和4尾雌鱼，分别饲养在两个盐度水平（18ppt和32ppt）下。给鱼投喂四种不同水平的辣木叶提取物（MOLE）补充剂（0、5、10和15克MOLE/千克饲料），持续两个月。在初始投喂期之后，将在相同盐度条件下接受相同MOLE水平的雄鱼和雌鱼转移到装有混凝土的24个产卵池中。实验包括八组，每组包含3尾雄鱼和6尾雌鱼，并设置三个重复（18ppt下四组，32ppt下四组）。以鱼体重的1%投喂四个月。结果显示，在两种盐度下，投喂MOLE的亲鱼在水质（较低的铵和亚硝酸盐）、生长参数、饲料转化率、胴体蛋白质含量、消化酶、肝脏酶、皮质醇水平、先天免疫力、抗氧化剂、睾酮和孕酮激素以及繁殖功能（雄鱼和雌鱼）方面均有显著（p < 0.05）改善。10 - 15克/千克的MOLE可以提高高盐度条件（32ppt）下FRT的性能、健康状况、繁殖力（雌鱼）和繁殖能力。
