Bălăceanu-Gurău Beatrice, Copilau Andra, Timofte Alexandra, Gurau Cristian-Dorin, Mihai Mara Madalina
Oncologic Dermatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU.
Dermatology, Elias Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, ROU.
Cureus. 2024 Nov 2;16(11):e72878. doi: 10.7759/cureus.72878. eCollection 2024 Nov.
Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors (EGFRi) are approved for treating various cancers. Given that EGFR signaling is crucial for normal skin growth and repair, inhibiting this pathway can disrupt skin homeostasis and integrity. Although generally well tolerated, molecularly targeted therapies can lead to skin-related adverse effects that significantly impact patients' quality of life, often resulting in treatment interruptions. The most common cutaneous reaction associated with EGFRi is a diffuse, papulopustular acneiform eruption. Management strategies can be tailored based on the severity of the condition and may include topical corticosteroids, topical and oral antibiotics, and systemic corticosteroid therapy. Moreover, consistent evidence supports the effectiveness of systemic retinoids at lower doses than those typically prescribed for acne vulgaris, advocating for their use when other treatments have failed. Herein, we present the case of a 71-year-old male with advanced colorectal cancer who was treated with panitumumab and subsequently developed a generalized papulopustular eruption three weeks after initiating therapy. The patient reported pruritus, a burning sensation, and hyperesthesia, which significantly impacted his daily activities. Physical examination revealed folliculocentric erythematous pustules and papules covering more than 30% of his body surface area (including the face, scalp, thorax, and extremities), along with xerosis, painful nasal and oral mucosal erosions, paronychia, and trichomegaly. Initial treatment with topical and systemic antibiotics, topical and systemic corticosteroids, and general skin care yielded poor results, with recurring moderate to severe eruptions occurring every 7 to 10 days. After three months and with approval from the oncology team, isotretinoin therapy (10 mg/day) was initiated under close monitoring of laboratory parameters. This approach achieved effective therapeutic control within one month, allowing the continuation of oncologic treatment without necessitating any dose modifications. In such cases, dermatologists play a vital role in managing these adverse reactions, ensuring that effective treatments enable patients to continue lifesaving oncologic therapies.
表皮生长因子受体抑制剂(EGFRi)已被批准用于治疗多种癌症。鉴于EGFR信号传导对正常皮肤生长和修复至关重要,抑制该途径会破坏皮肤的稳态和完整性。尽管分子靶向疗法通常耐受性良好,但可能会导致与皮肤相关的不良反应,严重影响患者的生活质量,常常导致治疗中断。与EGFRi相关的最常见皮肤反应是弥漫性丘疹脓疱型痤疮样皮疹。管理策略可根据病情严重程度进行调整,可能包括外用糖皮质激素、外用和口服抗生素以及全身糖皮质激素治疗。此外,有一致的证据支持低剂量系统性维甲酸的有效性,其剂量低于寻常痤疮的典型处方剂量,当其他治疗失败时主张使用。在此,我们报告一例71岁晚期结直肠癌男性患者,接受帕尼单抗治疗,治疗开始三周后出现全身性丘疹脓疱疹。患者自述有瘙痒、烧灼感和感觉过敏,严重影响其日常活动。体格检查发现以毛囊为中心的红斑脓疱和丘疹,覆盖其体表面积超过30%(包括面部、头皮、胸部和四肢),同时伴有皮肤干燥、鼻和口腔黏膜疼痛性糜烂、甲沟炎和睫毛粗长。最初使用外用和全身抗生素、外用和全身糖皮质激素以及一般皮肤护理,效果不佳,每7至10天就会复发中度至重度皮疹。三个月后,在肿瘤学团队批准下,在密切监测实验室参数的情况下开始异维A酸治疗(10毫克/天)。这种方法在一个月内实现了有效的治疗控制,使肿瘤治疗得以继续,无需调整任何剂量。在这种情况下,皮肤科医生在管理这些不良反应方面发挥着至关重要的作用,确保有效的治疗能够使患者继续接受挽救生命的肿瘤治疗。