Xiang Xing, Jiang Han
College of Professional Tennis, Wuhan City Polytechnic, Wuhan, China.
School of Physical Education, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China.
Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2025 Feb;58:101933. doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2024.101933. Epub 2024 Nov 28.
The aim of this study was to explore the associations of physical activity, screen time and sleep duration with various eating habits among children.
The data were collected from six surveys of the Youth Risk Behaviour Survey conducted in 2011, 2013, 2015, 2017, 2019, and 2021, with a total of 78, 697 participants with complete information. Information on demographic characteristics (e.g., sex, age), physical activity, screen time, sleep duration, and eating habits was collected via a self-reported questionnaire. A series of logistic regressions were used to assess the association between independents and outcomes. Results were presented as odds ratio (OR) with 95 % confidence interval (CI).
A dose-response relationship was observed between the number of guidelines (i.e., physical activity, screen time, sleep) achieved by adolescents and improved eating habits compared to those not meeting any guidelines. For example, meeting any one (OR = 1.28, 95 % CI = 1.17-1.41), any two (OR = 1.47, 95 % CI = 1.33-1.62), and all three (OR = 2.13, 95 % CI = 1.73-2.61) guidelines were associated with more fruit consumption. Moreover, meeting all three guidelines was associated with a higher likelihood of meeting guidelines for fruit juice (OR = 1.41, 95 % CI = 1.23-1.60), fruit (OR = 2.13, 95 % CI = 1.74-2.62), other vegetables (OR = 1.56, 95 % CI = 1.33-1.84), milk (OR = 1.46, 95 % CI = 1.28-1.66), breakfast (OR = 2.80, 95 % CI = 2.41-3.25), and soda or pop (OR = 1.16, 95 % CI = 1.04-1.30) compared to not meeting any guidelines.
Findings from this population-based study indicate that meeting the combination of physical activity, screen time, sleep guidelines is associated with better eating habits. Notably, meeting the physical activity guidelines or its combination shows the strongest associations with favourable dietary habits among adolescents. Future research should further explore effective strategies to promote entire 24-h movement behaviours, especially physical activity, which can be useful to optimize eating habits in adolescents.
本研究旨在探讨儿童的身体活动、屏幕使用时间和睡眠时间与各种饮食习惯之间的关联。
数据收集自2011年、2013年、2015年、2017年、2019年和2021年进行的六项青少年风险行为调查，共有78697名参与者提供了完整信息。通过自我报告问卷收集了人口统计学特征（如性别、年龄）、身体活动、屏幕使用时间、睡眠时间和饮食习惯等信息。使用一系列逻辑回归来评估自变量与结果之间的关联。结果以比值比（OR）及其95%置信区间（CI）表示。
与未达到任何指南的青少年相比，观察到青少年达到的指南数量（即身体活动、屏幕使用时间、睡眠）与改善的饮食习惯之间存在剂量反应关系。例如，达到任何一项指南（OR = 1.28，95%CI = 1.17 - 1.41）、任何两项指南（OR = 1.47，95%CI = 1.33 - 1.62）和所有三项指南（OR = 2.13，95%CI = 1.73 - 2.61）都与更多的水果消费相关。此外，与未达到任何指南相比，达到所有三项指南与更高的果汁（OR = 1.41，95%CI = 1.23 - 1.60）、水果（OR = 2.13，95%CI = 1.74 - 2.62）、其他蔬菜（OR = 1.56，95%CI = 1.33 - 1.84）、牛奶（OR = 1.46，95%CI = 1.28 - 1.66）、早餐（OR = 2.80，95%CI = 2.41 - 3.25）和汽水或碳酸饮料（OR = 1.16，95%CI = 1.04 - 1.30）指南达标可能性相关。
这项基于人群的研究结果表明，达到身体活动、屏幕使用时间、睡眠指南的综合要求与更好的饮食习惯相关。值得注意的是，达到身体活动指南或其综合要求与青少年良好的饮食习惯之间显示出最强的关联。未来的研究应进一步探索促进全天24小时运动行为，特别是身体活动的有效策略，这可能有助于优化青少年的饮食习惯。
