Wakabayashi Mami, Kinjo Aya, Sugiyama Yoshifumi, Takada Midori, Iso Hiroyasu, Tabuchi Takahiro
Institute for Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Tottori University, Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Tottori, Japan.
BMJ Open. 2024 Dec 3;14(12):e079025. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079025.
This study investigates the relationship between flat rate pricing for unlimited alcohol consumption in restaurants and bar and problematic alcohol consumption patterns identified by the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) during the COVID-19 pandemic.
A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Japan Society and New Tobacco Internet Survey in February 2022. A total of 19 585 current drinkers (55% of drinkers were men, and the mean age was 48.3 years) were categorised based on AUDIT scores; non-problem drinking (an AUDIT Score of 0-7), problem drinking (an AUDIT Score of 8 or over), hazardous alcohol use (an AUDIT Score of 8-14) and probable alcohol use disorders (an AUDIT Score of 15 or over). A score of 2 or higher in the third question of the AUDIT is identified as binge drinking. The explanatory variable was the presence of using flat rate pricing for unlimited alcohol consumption in the previous 12 months during the COVID-19 pandemic (February 2021 to February 2022). The associations of using the flat rate pricing with the problem or binge drinking, and with hazardous alcohol use or probable alcohol use disorders were analysed.
People who used flat rate pricing during the COVID-19 pandemic were likely to be problem drinking and binge drinking compared with non-users of flat rate pricing; the respective adjusted ORs were 4.64 (95% CI: 4.24 to 5.07) and 3.65 (95% CI: 3.33 to 4.00) through multivariable binary logistic regression. The users of the flat rate pricing were associated with hazardous alcohol use and probable alcohol use disorder; the adjusted relative risk ratios were 3.40 (95% CI: 3.06 to 3.77) and 8.58 (95% CI: 7.51 to 9.80) through multinomial logistic regression.
Overall, using flat rate pricing for unlimited alcohol consumption was associated with both binge drinking and problem drinking, including hazardous alcohol use and probable alcohol use disorders.
本研究调查了餐厅和酒吧中无限量饮酒的统一费率定价与新冠疫情期间通过酒精使用障碍识别测试（AUDIT）确定的有问题饮酒模式之间的关系。
利用2022年2月日本社会与新烟草互联网调查的数据进行了一项横断面研究。根据AUDIT评分，将总共19585名当前饮酒者（55%的饮酒者为男性，平均年龄为48.3岁）分为以下几类：无问题饮酒（AUDIT评分为0 - 7）、有问题饮酒（AUDIT评分为8及以上）、危险饮酒（AUDIT评分为8 - 14）和可能的酒精使用障碍（AUDIT评分为15及以上）。AUDIT第三个问题的得分在2分及以上被认定为暴饮。解释变量是在新冠疫情期间（2021年2月至2022年2月）过去12个月内是否存在无限量饮酒的统一费率定价。分析了统一费率定价与有问题饮酒或暴饮以及与危险饮酒或可能的酒精使用障碍之间的关联。
与未使用统一费率定价的人相比，在新冠疫情期间使用统一费率定价的人更有可能存在有问题饮酒和暴饮的情况；通过多变量二元逻辑回归，各自的调整后比值比分别为4.64（95%置信区间：4.24至5.07）和3.65（95%置信区间：3.33至4.00）。统一费率定价的使用者与危险饮酒和可能的酒精使用障碍有关联；通过多项逻辑回归，调整后的相对风险比分别为3.40（95%置信区间：3.06至3.77）和8.58（95%置信区间：7.51至9.80）。
总体而言，无限量饮酒的统一费率定价与暴饮和有问题饮酒均有关联，包括危险饮酒和可能的酒精使用障碍。
