Zhang Sun, Chen Wei, Wang Yanan, Li Qiao, Shi Haimeng, Li Meng, Sun Zhongxiao, Zhu Bingrui, Seyoum Gezahegne
College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Nat Commun. 2024 Dec 3;15(1):10523. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-54907-6.
Human interventions, such as farmland management, have long been considered crucial for soil carbon sequestration, but little is known about the exact impact of these interventions on the net carbon flux, represented by net ecosystem productivity (NEP). Here, using multiple long-term, large-scale data and statistical data, we reveal that 75.54% of farmland NEP in China experiences an increase, with northern regions showing the greatest potential for future farmland carbon sequestration. This growth is primarily attributed to the role of farmland management, especially the enhancement of no-tillage, land consolidation and multiple cropping level (17.02%, major grain-producing areas in 2020). Notably, the current unreasonable practices of mechanized straw returning and irrigation have a negative impact on farmland NEP. Our results show that it is imperative to acknowledge the crucial role of human interventions on farmland NEP to strike a balance between food security and farmland carbon sequestration.
长期以来，诸如农田管理等人为干预措施一直被认为对土壤碳固存至关重要，但对于这些干预措施对以净生态系统生产力（NEP）表示的净碳通量的确切影响却知之甚少。在此，我们利用多个长期、大规模数据及统计数据揭示，中国75.54%的农田NEP呈上升趋势，北方地区未来农田碳固存潜力最大。这种增长主要归因于农田管理的作用，特别是免耕、土地整治和复种指数的提高（2020年主要粮食产区为17.02%）。值得注意的是，当前机械化秸秆还田和灌溉的不合理做法对农田NEP有负面影响。我们的研究结果表明，必须认识到人为干预对农田NEP的关键作用，以便在粮食安全和农田碳固存之间取得平衡。
