State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Natural Capital Project, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Nat Ecol Evol. 2023 Nov;7(11):1771-1777. doi: 10.1038/s41559-023-02198-3. Epub 2023 Sep 25.
Globally, rising food demand has caused widespread biodiversity and ecosystem services loss, prompting growing efforts in ecological protection and restoration. However, these efforts have been significantly undercut by further reclamation for cropland. Focusing on China, the world's largest grain producer, we found that at the national level from 2000 to 2015, reclamation for cropland undermined gains in wildlife habitat and the ecosystem services of water retention, sandstorm prevention, carbon sequestration and soil retention by 113.8%, 63.4%, 52.5%, 29.0% and 10.2%, respectively. To achieve global sustainability goals, conflicts between inefficient reclamation for cropland and natural capital investment need to be alleviated.
从全球范围来看，不断增长的食物需求导致了广泛的生物多样性和生态系统服务的丧失，促使人们加大了生态保护和恢复的力度。然而，这些努力因进一步开垦耕地而受到严重削弱。以全球最大的粮食生产国中国为例，我们发现，2000 年至 2015 年期间，开垦耕地使野生动物栖息地以及蓄水、防沙尘暴、固碳和土壤保持等生态系统服务分别减少了 113.8%、63.4%、52.5%、29.0%和 10.2%。为了实现全球可持续性目标，需要缓解开垦耕地的低效率与自然资本投资之间的冲突。
