Pitocco Dario, Hatem Duaa, Riente Alessia, Giulio Michele Maria De, Rizzi Alessandro, Abeltino Alessio, Serantoni Cassandra, Tartaglione Linda, Rizzo Emanuele, Paoli Lorenzo Lucacchini, Spirito Marco De, Maulucci Giuseppe
Diabetes Care Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy.
Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2025 Jan;41(1):e70011. doi: 10.1002/dmrr.70011.
This review evaluates the mechanisms underlying red blood cell (RBC) membrane fluidity changes in diabetes mellitus (DM) and explores strategies to assess and address these alterations. Emphasis is placed on developing a comprehensive index for membrane fluidity to improve monitoring and management in diabetic patients.
We reviewed current literature on RBC membrane fluidity, focussing on lipid composition, glycation, oxidative stress, and lipid transport alterations in diabetic patients. Key methodologies include lipidomics, multi-scale probe assessment, and machine learning integration for standardized fluidity measurement.
Diabetic RBCs exhibit increased membrane fluidity, primarily due to oxidative stress, increased glycation, and dysregulated lipid composition. These alterations contribute to vascular complications and impair RBC functionality. Assessing membrane composition as a nutritional marker provides insights into the metabolic impacts of glycaemic management.
There is a critical need for a unified and comprehensive membrane fluidity index in DM, which could support personalised interventions through dietary, medicinal, and lifestyle modifications. Future research should prioritise standardising measurement techniques and integrating lipidomic data with machine learning for predictive modelling, aiming to enhance clinical outcomes for diabetic patients.
本综述评估糖尿病（DM）中红细胞（RBC）膜流动性变化的潜在机制，并探索评估和解决这些改变的策略。重点在于制定一个全面的膜流动性指数，以改善糖尿病患者的监测和管理。
我们回顾了当前关于RBC膜流动性的文献，重点关注糖尿病患者的脂质组成、糖基化、氧化应激和脂质转运改变。关键方法包括脂质组学、多尺度探针评估以及用于标准化流动性测量的机器学习整合。
糖尿病RBC表现出膜流动性增加，主要归因于氧化应激、糖基化增加和脂质组成失调。这些改变导致血管并发症并损害RBC功能。将膜组成作为营养标志物进行评估，可为血糖管理的代谢影响提供见解。
糖尿病中迫切需要一个统一且全面的膜流动性指数，它可通过饮食、药物和生活方式的改变来支持个性化干预。未来的研究应优先标准化测量技术，并将脂质组学数据与机器学习整合用于预测建模，旨在改善糖尿病患者的临床结局。
