Mazzanti L, Faloia E, Rabini R A, Staffolani R, Kantar A, Fiorini R, Swoboda B, De Pirro R, Bertoli E
Istituto di Biochimica, Università di Ancona, Italy.
Clin Biochem. 1992 Feb;25(1):41-6. doi: 10.1016/0009-9120(92)80044-h.
Various alterations of red blood cell (RBC) plasma membrane appear both in diabetes mellitus and during the physiological aging process. Diabetes mellitus decreases RBC life-span; therefore, it may change the plasma membrane by acting through its effect on the aging process. In order to clarify the issue, RBCs from normal subjects and insulin-dependent diabetic patients were fractionated in five subpopulations of different mean age (fraction 1: early young RBC, fraction 5: mature RBC). Thereafter, plasma membranes were prepared and enzymatic activities, membrane fluidity and lipid peroxidation were evaluated. NA+, K(+)-ATPase activity decreased during aging and it was higher in all RBC subpopulations from normal subjects in comparison to diabetic patients. Next, lipid peroxidation and fluidity increased during aging in both the study groups; in this case, however, in all subpopulations, except for that from fraction 1, RBCs from diabetic patients showed higher membrane fluidity and lipid peroxidation in comparison to normal subjects. Data herein reported suggest that diabetes mellitus affects the plasma membrane independently of (lipid peroxidation and fluidity) or dependently on (Na+, K(+)-ATPase) its effect on aging. In the case of lipid peroxidation and fluidity diabetes mellitus seems to affect the membrane by decreasing RBC life span, whereas in the case of Na+K(+)-ATPase it seems to alter this enzymatic activity which in turn might affect RBC aging. Acetylcholinesterase activity decreased during aging in RBCs from normal subjects, but it increased in RBCs from diabetic patients; RBC subpopulation from fraction 1, on the other hand, showed similar values in normal subjects and diabetic patients. In this case the effect of diabetes mellitus appears only during aging.
红细胞（RBC）质膜的各种改变在糖尿病和生理衰老过程中均会出现。糖尿病会缩短红细胞寿命；因此，它可能通过对衰老过程的影响来改变质膜。为了阐明这一问题，将正常受试者和胰岛素依赖型糖尿病患者的红细胞分为五个平均年龄不同的亚群（亚群1：早期年轻红细胞，亚群5：成熟红细胞）。此后，制备质膜并评估酶活性、膜流动性和脂质过氧化情况。随着衰老，Na +，K（+）-ATP酶活性降低，与糖尿病患者相比，正常受试者的所有红细胞亚群中该酶活性更高。接下来，两个研究组的红细胞在衰老过程中脂质过氧化和流动性均增加；然而，在这种情况下，除亚群1外，糖尿病患者的红细胞在所有亚群中均显示出比正常受试者更高的膜流动性和脂质过氧化水平。本文报道的数据表明，糖尿病对质膜的影响独立于（脂质过氧化和流动性）或依赖于（Na +，K（+）-ATP酶）其对衰老的影响。就脂质过氧化和流动性而言，糖尿病似乎通过缩短红细胞寿命来影响质膜，而对于Na + K（+）-ATP酶，它似乎会改变这种酶的活性，进而可能影响红细胞衰老。正常受试者红细胞中的乙酰胆碱酯酶活性在衰老过程中降低，但糖尿病患者红细胞中的该酶活性增加；另一方面，亚群1的红细胞在正常受试者和糖尿病患者中显示出相似的值。在这种情况下，糖尿病的影响仅在衰老过程中出现。
