Cui Song, Du Xian-Lei, Jia Zhao-Yang, Fu Qiang, Liu Dong
School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
Research Center for Eco-Environment Protection of Songhua River Basin, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2024 Nov 8;45(11):6489-6500. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202312122.
To maintain ecosystem functions and ensure ecological security, estimating the value of ecosystem services and constructing an ecological security pattern are necessary. Considering the lack of systematic research on the estimation of ecosystem service value and the construction of ecological security pattern, this study extracted the ecological source based on the analysis of ecosystem service value and morphological spatial pattern. According to the natural conditions such as geographical location and altitude, land use type, landscape pattern type, elevation, slope, and normalized difference vegetation index were selected to establish the resistance surface. The minimum cumulative resistance model was used to identify potential ecological corridors, so as to construct the ecological security pattern of Heilongjiang Province, and longitudinal analysis was conducted from 2000 to 2020. The results showed that： ① The overall value of ecosystem services in Heilongjiang Province showed an upward trend （with an amplitude of 42%）, the value of hydrological regulation services accounted for the largest proportion among different service types （approximately 30%）, and the value of forest land services accounted for the largest proportion among different land use types （up to 70%）. ② Eight ecological source areas were extracted, mainly distributed around Greater Khingan Mountains, Lesser Khingan Mountains, Changbai Mountain, and Wanda Mountain, with the largest area of ecological source in Greater Khingan Mountains. ③ Twenty-eight potential ecological corridors were identified, mainly distributed in the northeastern side of the line from Heihe City to Mudanjiang City, forming densely populated areas in Qitaihe City, northern Mudanjiang City, and southern Jixi City. ④ An ecological security network pattern in Heilongjiang Province was constructed with Greater Khingan Mountains Region, Mudanjiang City, and Shuangyashan City as endpoints and Yichun City as the center, finding that the main problem faced at that time was uneven spatial distribution. The research results are helpful to formulate and establish more reasonable ecological environment protection measures and policies and can provide reference value and scientific basis for provincial ecosystem protection and optimization.
为维持生态系统功能并确保生态安全，估算生态系统服务价值并构建生态安全格局是必要的。鉴于对生态系统服务价值估算和生态安全格局构建缺乏系统研究，本研究在分析生态系统服务价值和形态空间格局的基础上提取了生态源。根据地理位置、海拔等自然条件，选取土地利用类型、景观格局类型、海拔、坡度和归一化植被指数来建立阻力面。利用最小累积阻力模型识别潜在生态廊道，从而构建黑龙江省生态安全格局，并对2000年至2020年进行纵向分析。结果表明：①黑龙江省生态系统服务总价值呈上升趋势（增幅为42%），水文调节服务价值在不同服务类型中占比最大（约30%），林地服务价值在不同土地利用类型中占比最大（高达70%）。②提取了8个生态源区，主要分布在大兴安岭、小兴安岭、长白山和完达山周边，大兴安岭生态源面积最大。③识别出28条潜在生态廊道，主要分布在从黑河市到牡丹江市一线的东北侧，形成了七台河市、牡丹江市北部和鸡西市南部的人口密集区。④构建了以大兴安岭地区、牡丹江市和双鸭山市为端点、伊春市为中心的黑龙江省生态安全网络格局，发现当时面临的主要问题是空间分布不均衡。研究结果有助于制定和建立更合理的生态环境保护措施和政策，可为省级生态系统保护与优化提供参考价值和科学依据。
