Song Ping, Pan Gang, Zhang Yu, Ni Yeqin, Wang Qianyu, Shi Jingjng, Peng You, Jing Ruirui, Luo Dingcun
Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Westlake University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Endocr Pract. 2025 Mar;31(3):373-379. doi: 10.1016/j.eprac.2024.11.012. Epub 2024 Dec 2.
Thyroid cancer generally boasts a favorable prognosis; however, advanced and refractory cases exhibit aggressive characteristics and resistance to conventional therapies, necessitating the investigation of innovative treatment modalities. Immunotherapy, which harnesses the body's immune system to target cancer cells, has shown considerable promise for specific thyroid cancer subtypes.
This review article aims to encapsulate the latest advancements in immunotherapy for thyroid cancer, examining its mechanisms, therapeutic efficacy, ongoing challenges, and the potential benefits of combination therapy approaches.
An extensive literature review and critical analysis of clinical trial data were conducted to inform this synthesis.
The review reveals that immunotherapy strategies, encompassing immune checkpoint inhibitors, CAR-T cell therapy, tumor vaccines, and immunomodulators, are demonstrating efficacy in the treatment of thyroid cancer. Notably, checkpoint inhibitors have been particularly effective in anaplastic and poorly differentiated thyroid cancers, albeit with challenges such as treatment resistance and adverse effects. The application of CAR-T cell therapy, successful in hematologic cancers, provides a novel perspective for thyroid cancer treatment, although its efficacy in solid tumors requires further study. Additionally, research into tumor vaccines and immunomodulators is advancing, with preliminary evidence suggesting their therapeutic potential for thyroid cancer patients.
The recognition of the immune microenvironment's role in treatment responsiveness is pivotal for enhancing the care of thyroid cancer patients. This review underscores the significance of combination therapy as a means to optimize treatment outcomes and charts a course for future research endeavors to broaden the spectrum of effective treatment options available to thyroid cancer patients.
甲状腺癌总体预后良好；然而，晚期和难治性病例表现出侵袭性特征且对传统疗法耐药，因此需要研究创新的治疗方式。免疫疗法利用人体免疫系统靶向癌细胞，已在特定甲状腺癌亚型中显示出巨大潜力。
这篇综述文章旨在总结甲状腺癌免疫疗法的最新进展，探讨其作用机制、治疗效果、当前面临的挑战以及联合治疗方法的潜在益处。
进行了广泛的文献综述并对临床试验数据进行了批判性分析，以形成本综述。
该综述表明，免疫疗法策略，包括免疫检查点抑制剂、嵌合抗原受体T细胞（CAR-T）疗法、肿瘤疫苗和免疫调节剂，在甲状腺癌治疗中显示出疗效。值得注意的是，检查点抑制剂在间变性和低分化甲状腺癌中特别有效，尽管存在治疗耐药性和不良反应等挑战。CAR-T细胞疗法在血液系统癌症中取得成功，为甲状腺癌治疗提供了新视角，但其在实体瘤中的疗效仍需进一步研究。此外，肿瘤疫苗和免疫调节剂的研究也在推进，初步证据表明它们对甲状腺癌患者具有治疗潜力。
认识到免疫微环境在治疗反应中的作用对于加强甲状腺癌患者的护理至关重要。本综述强调了联合治疗作为优化治疗结果手段的重要性，并为未来研究指明了方向，以拓宽甲状腺癌患者可用的有效治疗选择范围。
