Sadowski Marcin, Zawieja Emilia, Chmurzynska Agata
Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
J Cell Mol Med. 2024 Dec;28(23):e70198. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.70198.
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a compound whose mechanism of action is intricately linked to the provision of cysteine for glutathione synthesis. It has been used in medicine and has also made significant inroads into sports, as it can modify the levels of several biomarkers, including those of oxidative processes, inflammation and muscle damage after exercise. Because the effectiveness of NAC supplementation is unclear, the primary objective of the present study was to perform a meta-analysis elucidating how NAC supplementation alters the concentrations of GSH (glutathione), GSSG (glutathione disulfide), TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances), IL-6 (interleukin 6), TNF-α (tumour necrosis factor alpha), CK (creatine kinase), lactate, and muscle soreness after physical exertion. Suitable studies were searched for from February to September 2023, and the results of those included (n = 20) indicate that NAC supplementation significantly diminishes both muscle soreness (p = 0.03; the mean difference (MD) of NAC's effect was -0.43 with a 95% confidence interval (CI), -0.81, -0.04) and lactate concentrations after exercise (p = 0.03; the MD -0.56 mmol/L; 95% CI, -1.07, -0.06). A substantial decrease was observed in concentrations of IL-6 (p = 0.03; the standardized MD (SMD) was -1.71; 95% CI, -3.26, -0.16) and TBARS (p = 0.02; SMD was -1.03, 95% CI, -1.90, -0.15). Furthermore, an elevation in GSH concentration was observed following supplementation. However, we saw no significant effect of NAC on TNF-α, CK or GSSG concentrations. NAC supplementation holds promise for attenuating muscle soreness, lactate, TBARS and IL-6 concentrations and increasing GSH level following physical exertion.
N-乙酰半胱氨酸（NAC）是一种化合物，其作用机制与为谷胱甘肽合成提供半胱氨酸密切相关。它已被用于医学领域，并且在体育界也有显著进展，因为它可以改变多种生物标志物的水平，包括氧化过程、炎症以及运动后肌肉损伤的相关标志物。由于NAC补充剂的有效性尚不清楚，本研究的主要目的是进行一项荟萃分析，以阐明补充NAC如何改变体力消耗后谷胱甘肽（GSH）、谷胱甘肽二硫化物（GSSG）、硫代巴比妥酸反应性物质（TBARS）、白细胞介素6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、肌酸激酶（CK）、乳酸以及肌肉酸痛的浓度。于2023年2月至9月检索了合适的研究，纳入研究的结果（n = 20）表明，补充NAC可显著减轻肌肉酸痛（p = 0.03；NAC作用的平均差（MD）为-0.43，95%置信区间（CI）为-0.81，-0.04）以及运动后乳酸浓度（p = 0.03；MD为-0.56 mmol/L；95% CI为-1.07，-0.06）。观察到IL-6浓度（p = 0.03；标准化MD（SMD）为-1.71；95% CI为-3.26，-0.16）和TBARS浓度（p = 0.02；SMD为-1.03，95% CI为-1.90，-0.15）大幅下降。此外，补充后观察到GSH浓度升高。然而，我们未发现NAC对TNF-α、CK或GSSG浓度有显著影响。补充NAC有望减轻体力消耗后的肌肉酸痛、乳酸、TBARS和IL-6浓度，并提高GSH水平。
