Docherty Sophie, Harley Rachael, McAuley Joseph J, Crowe Lindsay A N, Pedret Carles, Kirwan Paul D, Siebert Stefan, Millar Neal L
Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medicine, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 120 University Avenue, Glasgow, G12 8TA, Scotland, UK.
Sports Medicine and Imaging Department, Clinica Diagonal, C/Sant Mateu 24-26, 08950, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain.
BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2022 Jan 6;14(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s13102-022-00397-2.
The physiological effects of physical exercise are ubiquitously reported as beneficial to the cardiovascular and musculoskeletal systems. Exercise is widely promoted by medical professionals to aid both physical and emotional wellbeing; however, mechanisms through which this is achieved are less well understood. Despite numerous beneficial attributes, certain types of exercise can inflict significant significant physiological stress. Several studies document a key relationship between exercise and immune activation. Activation of the innate immune system occurs in response to exercise and it is proposed this is largely mediated by cytokine signalling. Cytokines are typically classified according to their inflammatory properties and evidence has shown that cytokines expressed in response to exercise are diverse and may act to propagate, modulate or mitigate inflammation in musculoskeletal health. The review summarizes the existing literature on the relationship between exercise and the immune system with emphasis on how exercise-induced cytokine expression modulates inflammation and the immune response.
体育锻炼的生理效应普遍被认为对心血管和肌肉骨骼系统有益。医学专业人员广泛提倡运动以促进身心健康；然而，实现这一目标的机制尚不太清楚。尽管有许多有益的特性，但某些类型的运动会造成重大的生理压力。几项研究记录了运动与免疫激活之间的关键关系。先天性免疫系统的激活是对运动的反应，有人提出这主要是由细胞因子信号传导介导的。细胞因子通常根据其炎症特性进行分类，证据表明，运动后表达的细胞因子多种多样，可能在肌肉骨骼健康中起到促进、调节或减轻炎症的作用。这篇综述总结了关于运动与免疫系统关系的现有文献，重点是运动诱导的细胞因子表达如何调节炎症和免疫反应。
