Yang Xiaobing, Long Xiaoqin, Xiao Pan, Ge Qinwen, Zhang Lei, Wang Xiaowei
Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huzhou Third Municipal Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, China.
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
Nutr J. 2024 Dec 5;23(1):156. doi: 10.1186/s12937-024-01057-6.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex multifactorial autoimmune disease affected by genetics and environmental factors. The relationship between alcohol consumption and RA remains controversial. This study aimed to assess the association between alcohol consumption and RA risk using cross-sectional analysis and Mendelian randomization (MR).
We investigated the association between alcohol consumption and RA risk through multivariate linear regression and subgroup analyses. Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2018 which involved 32,308 participants. Subsequently, a two-sample MR study was conducted to assess the causal effect of spirits intake on RA. Instrumental variables (IVs) for spirits intake were screened from genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets, including 69,949 individuals from the UK Biobank study, while summary statistics relating to RA were obtained from a GWAS meta-analysis of 417,256 participants. The primary inverse variance weighted (IVW) method and other supplementary MR methods were used to estimate the causal association between spirits intake and RA. Sensitivity analyses were performed to confirm the robustness and reliability of the results.
In the cross-sectional analysis, we observed that alcohol consumption was significantly positively linked with RA risk (odds ratio [OR] = 1.030; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.025-1.034). According to subgroup analyses stratified by age, sex, race, smoking status, marital status, education attainment, and body mass index (BMI), consistently showed a positive relationship between alcohol consumption and RA risk in each subgroup (all OR > 1, P < 0.05). Furthermore, MR analysis indicated a causal association between spirits intake and RA (OR = 1.043, P < 0.05). Sensitivity analyses supported the robustness and reliability of these findings (all P > 0.05).
This study indicated that alcohol consumption is correlated with an increased risk of RA, but further studies are necessary to clarify the exact association.
类风湿性关节炎（RA）是一种受遗传和环境因素影响的复杂多因素自身免疫性疾病。饮酒与RA之间的关系仍存在争议。本研究旨在通过横断面分析和孟德尔随机化（MR）评估饮酒与RA风险之间的关联。
我们通过多元线性回归和亚组分析研究了饮酒与RA风险之间的关联。数据来自1999 - 2018年的美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES），涉及32308名参与者。随后，进行了一项两样本MR研究，以评估烈酒摄入量对RA的因果效应。从全基因组关联研究（GWAS）数据集中筛选烈酒摄入量的工具变量（IV），包括来自英国生物银行研究的69949名个体，而与RA相关的汇总统计数据则来自对417256名参与者的GWAS荟萃分析。采用主要的逆方差加权（IVW）方法和其他补充MR方法来估计烈酒摄入量与RA之间的因果关联。进行敏感性分析以确认结果的稳健性和可靠性。
在横断面分析中，我们观察到饮酒与RA风险显著正相关（优势比[OR] = 1.030；95%置信区间[CI]，1.025 - 1.034）。根据按年龄、性别、种族、吸烟状况、婚姻状况、教育程度和体重指数（BMI）分层的亚组分析，各亚组中饮酒与RA风险均持续呈现正相关关系（所有OR > 1，P < 0.05）。此外，MR分析表明烈酒摄入量与RA之间存在因果关联（OR = 1.043，P < 0.05）。敏感性分析支持了这些发现的稳健性和可靠性（所有P > 0.05）。
本研究表明饮酒与RA风险增加相关，但需要进一步研究以阐明确切关联。
