Wu Hao-Ming, Lin Chun-Yu, Lin Ting-Yu, Teo Mei-Yuan, Cheng Hsin-I, Hung Wei-Syun, Wu Bing-Chen, Chang Chiung-Hsin, Chang Po-Jui, Lo Chun-Yu, Lin Horng-Chyuan, Lin Shu-Min
Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 199 Tun-Hwa N. Rd., Linkou, Taipei, Taiwan.
School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Eur J Med Res. 2024 Dec 4;29(1):577. doi: 10.1186/s40001-024-02173-z.
Staphylococcal enterotoxin and fungal sensitization can influence asthma severity; however, the effects on the clinical outcomes of asthma remain unclear. This study investigated the clinical outcomes of asthma in patients with or without staphylococcal enterotoxin sensitization and further analyzed the effects of fungal sensitization on the clinical outcomes of patients with staphylococcal enterotoxin sensitization.
This retrospective study included patients with asthma who had undergone a staphylococcal enterotoxin-specific immunoglobulin E test at our hospital between January and August 2021. Data on clinical manifestations, medication use, pulmonary function, clinic and emergency room visits and hospitalization were collected from 106 patients.
The prevalence of staphylococcal enterotoxin sensitization was 27.3%. Among the patients with staphylococcal enterotoxin sensitization, 50% also presented with fungal sensitization. The risk of hospitalization and emergency room visits was higher among patients with staphylococcal enterotoxin sensitization than among those without, as was the need for high-level asthma treatment, including triple inhaler therapy and biologics. After the 12-month Program enrollment, the rates of emergency room visits and hospitalization were similar in the two cohorts. Patients with concomitant staphylococcal enterotoxin and fungal sensitization exhibited a notable post-treatment decline in pulmonary function.
Adherence to asthma treatment protocols was shown to improve clinical outcomes in patients with or without staphylococcal enterotoxin sensitization. Among patients with staphylococcal enterotoxin sensitization, those with concomitant fungal sensitization were more likely to exhibit a rapid decline in pulmonary function during a 1-year high-level treatment program.
葡萄球菌肠毒素和真菌致敏可影响哮喘严重程度；然而，其对哮喘临床结局的影响仍不明确。本研究调查了有或无葡萄球菌肠毒素致敏的哮喘患者的临床结局，并进一步分析了真菌致敏对葡萄球菌肠毒素致敏患者临床结局的影响。
本回顾性研究纳入了2021年1月至8月在我院接受葡萄球菌肠毒素特异性免疫球蛋白E检测的哮喘患者。收集了106例患者的临床表现、用药情况、肺功能、门诊和急诊就诊及住院数据。
葡萄球菌肠毒素致敏的患病率为27.3%。在葡萄球菌肠毒素致敏的患者中，50%也存在真菌致敏。葡萄球菌肠毒素致敏的患者住院和急诊就诊的风险高于未致敏的患者，对包括三联吸入器治疗和生物制剂在内的高水平哮喘治疗的需求也是如此。在纳入该项目12个月后，两个队列的急诊就诊率和住院率相似。合并葡萄球菌肠毒素和真菌致敏的患者在治疗后肺功能显著下降。
结果表明，坚持哮喘治疗方案可改善有或无葡萄球菌肠毒素致敏患者的临床结局。在葡萄球菌肠毒素致敏的患者中，合并真菌致敏的患者在为期1年的高水平治疗方案期间更有可能出现肺功能快速下降。
