O'Bryan Christopher J, Rhodes Jonathan R, Osunkoya Olusegun O, Lundie-Jenkins Geoff, Mudiyanselage Nisansala Abeysinghe, Sydes Travis, Calvert Moya, McDonald-Madden Eve, Bode Michael
School of Earth and Environmental Sciences and the Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Invasive Plant and Animal Science Unit, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Biosecurity Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Bioscience. 2023 Jul 19;73(7):522-532. doi: 10.1093/biosci/biad046. eCollection 2023 Jul.
Nature conservation is underresourced, requiring managers to prioritize where, when, and how to spend limited funds. Prioritization methods identify the subset of actions that provide the most benefit to an actor's objective. However, spending decisions by conservation actors are often misaligned with their objectives. Although this misalignment is frequently attributed to poor choices by the actors, we argue that it can also be a byproduct of working alongside other organizations. Using strategic analyses of multi-actor systems in conservation, we show how interactions among multiple conservation actors can create misalignment between the spending and objectives of individual actors and why current uncoordinated prioritizations lead to fewer conservation objectives achieved for individual actors. We draw three conclusions from our results. First, that misalignment is an unsuitable metric for evaluating spending, because it may be necessary to achieve actors' objectives. Second, that current prioritization methods cannot identify optimal decisions (as they purport to do), because they do not incorporate other actors' decisions. Third, that practical steps can be taken to move actors in the direction of coordination and thereby better achieve their conservation objectives.
自然保护资源不足，这就要求管理者对有限资金的使用地点、时间和方式进行优先排序。优先排序方法能够确定那些对行动者目标最有益的行动子集。然而，保护行动者的支出决策往往与其目标不一致。尽管这种不一致常常被归因于行动者的糟糕选择，但我们认为这也可能是与其他组织合作的一个副产品。通过对保护领域多行动者系统的战略分析，我们展示了多个保护行动者之间的相互作用如何导致个体行动者的支出与目标之间出现不一致，以及为什么当前缺乏协调的优先排序会导致个体行动者实现的保护目标更少。我们从研究结果中得出三个结论。第一，不一致并非评估支出的合适指标，因为为实现行动者的目标，出现不一致可能是必要的。第二，当前的优先排序方法无法确定最优决策（尽管它们声称能够做到），因为它们没有考虑其他行动者的决策。第三，可以采取切实可行的措施促使行动者走向协调，从而更好地实现他们的保护目标。
