Subramaniam Suresh Kanna, R Umashankar, M C Vinatha, Raj Aravind, I Keerthana, Rao V Ramachandra
Department of General Medicine, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, IND.
Department of Internal Medicine, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Nov 3;16(11):e72946. doi: 10.7759/cureus.72946. eCollection 2024 Nov.
Anemia is more common in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is more likely when glycemic control is poor. Anemia in T2DM can reduce quality of life and increase cardiovascular risk, and therefore, its prevalence and contributory factors in diabetic patients with normal kidney function are important to understand.
The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of anemia in individuals with type 2 diabetes and normal kidney function, focusing on blood glucose, serum creatinine, HbA1c, hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels. The research also examined the influence of gender, age, and glycemic control on anemia occurrence.
This study was conducted at Balaji Medical College and General Hospital from March 2021 to January 2023 to evaluate blood glucose, HbA1c, serum creatinine, hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels in type 2 diabetes patients. Data were collected using a standardized proforma, including age, sex, occupation, physical activity, and clinical history. Biochemical and hematology analyses were performed on venous blood samples collected via venipuncture. Statistical analysis used an unpaired two-tailed t-test with a significance level of p < 0.05. The study included 100 patients categorized by glycemic control, gender, age, and socioeconomic status.
Results showed a high prevalence of anemia in uncontrolled diabetic patients (mean hemoglobin level 11.75 ± 1.72 g/dL vs. 14.46 ± 1.445 g/dL in the controlled cases, p = 0.0001). The mean hematocrit level was 35.46 ± 5.136% in uncontrolled patients compared to 43.62 ± 4.59% in controlled patients (p = 0.0001), showing a direct relationship between poor glycemic control and low hematological indices.
The study shows that anemia is common in people with type 2 diabetes, especially if their blood sugar is not well controlled or as they get older. It highlights the need for regular blood tests to check for anemia in diabetes patients, especially older ones. The study recommends adding iron supplements, balanced diets, and vitamins to treatment plans. These steps can help manage both diabetes and anemia better, leading to improved patient care and outcomes.
贫血在2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者中更为常见，血糖控制不佳时更易发生。T2DM患者的贫血会降低生活质量并增加心血管风险，因此，了解肾功能正常的糖尿病患者中贫血的患病率及其影响因素很重要。
本研究旨在评估2型糖尿病且肾功能正常个体的贫血患病率，重点关注血糖、血清肌酐、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、血红蛋白和血细胞比容水平。该研究还考察了性别、年龄和血糖控制对贫血发生的影响。
本研究于2021年3月至2023年1月在巴拉吉医学院和综合医院开展，以评估2型糖尿病患者的血糖、HbA1c、血清肌酐、血红蛋白和血细胞比容水平。使用标准化表格收集数据，包括年龄、性别、职业、身体活动和临床病史。对通过静脉穿刺采集的静脉血样本进行生化和血液学分析。统计分析采用双侧不成对t检验，显著性水平为p < 0.05。该研究纳入了100例按血糖控制、性别、年龄和社会经济状况分类的患者。
结果显示，未控制的糖尿病患者贫血患病率较高（未控制组平均血红蛋白水平为11.75 ± 1.72 g/dL，而控制组为14.46 ± 1.445 g/dL，p = 0.0001）。未控制患者的平均血细胞比容水平为35.46 ± 5.136%，而控制患者为43.62 ± 4.59%（p = 0.0001），表明血糖控制不佳与血液学指标偏低之间存在直接关系。
该研究表明，贫血在2型糖尿病患者中很常见，尤其是血糖控制不佳或年龄较大的患者。它强调了糖尿病患者，尤其是老年患者需要定期进行血液检查以检测贫血。该研究建议在治疗方案中添加铁补充剂、均衡饮食和维生素。这些措施有助于更好地管理糖尿病和贫血，从而改善患者护理和治疗效果。
