Silventoinen Karri, Maia José, Sund Reijo, Gouveia Élvio R, Antunes António, Marques Gonçalo, Thomis Martine, Jelenkovic Aline, Kaprio Jaakko, Freitas Duarte
Helsinki Institute for Demography and Population Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Centre of Research, Education, Innovation, and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2025 Jan;33(1):125-133. doi: 10.1002/oby.24196. Epub 2024 Dec 5.
We analyzed how anthropometric measures predict cardiometabolic health and how genetic and environmental factors contribute to these associations.
Data on 8 indicators of cardiometabolic health, 21 anthropometric measures, and 11 anthropometric indices were available for 216 twin pairs of individuals age 3 to 18 years living in the Autonomous Region of Madeira, Portugal (51% girls). Genetic twin modeling was used to estimate genetic and environmental correlations between the cardiometabolic and anthropometric indicators.
Anthropometric indicators were positively associated with blood pressure and triglycerides and inversely associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The associations with glucose, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, and heart rate were close to zero. BMI and waist circumference showed similar or slightly higher absolute correlations with cardiometabolic health indicators compared with other anthropometric indices. Additive genetic and unique environmental correlations were at the same level as trait correlations.
BMI and waist circumference provide information on cardiometabolic health that is not less accurate than that provided by more comprehensive anthropometric indices. These associations reflect causal associations between obesity and cardiometabolic disorders rather than only shared genetic associations. Measuring obesity is important for monitoring cardiometabolic risks and can be accomplished using simple indicators at the population level.
我们分析了人体测量指标如何预测心脏代谢健康，以及遗传和环境因素如何促成这些关联。
葡萄牙马德拉自治区216对3至18岁的双胞胎个体（51%为女孩）提供了关于心脏代谢健康的8项指标、21项人体测量指标和11项人体测量指数的数据。采用遗传双胞胎模型来估计心脏代谢指标与人体测量指标之间的遗传和环境相关性。
人体测量指标与血压和甘油三酯呈正相关，与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇呈负相关。与血糖、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、总胆固醇和心率的关联接近于零。与其他人体测量指数相比，体重指数（BMI）和腰围与心脏代谢健康指标的绝对相关性相似或略高。加性遗传相关性和独特环境相关性与性状相关性处于同一水平。
BMI和腰围提供的心脏代谢健康信息并不比更全面的人体测量指数提供的信息准确性差。这些关联反映了肥胖与心脏代谢紊乱之间的因果关联，而不仅仅是共同的遗传关联。测量肥胖对于监测心脏代谢风险很重要，并且可以在人群层面使用简单指标来完成。
